Methyltransferases of gentamicin biosynthesis.

Methyltransferases of gentamicin biosynthesis.
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庆大霉素生物合成的甲基转移酶

DOI:
10.1073/pnas.1711603115
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发表时间:
2018-02-06
影响因子:
11.1
通讯作者:
Sun Y
Sun Y
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Li S;Guo J;Reva A;Huang F;Xiong B;Liu Y;Deng Z;Leadlay PF;Sun Y

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氨基糖苷类药物仍然是一种重要的临床资产。庆大霉素C复合物特别是在治疗全身性革兰氏阴性感染中非常有效,并且对抗病原体抗性或显示降低的毒性的半合成庆大霉素仍然是有吸引力的目标。我们在这里报告的集群基因和酶的作用,定义了一个甲基化网络在庆大霉素的生物合成,并确定了染色体上的一个远程基因编码的基本甲基转移酶GenL,这是决定性的比例存在于庆大霉素C复合物的五个主要成分。这是工程发酵生产单一组分的重要一步,这些组分可作为下一代氨基糖苷类抗生素半合成的有价值的起始材料。来自棘孢小单孢菌的庆大霉素C复合物仍然是全球重要的抗生素,并且对可能显示出改善的治疗性质的类似物的半合成重新产生兴趣。该复合物由五种组分组成,它们在分子中的一个或多个位点的甲基化模式不同。我们在这里显示,使用特定的基因缺失和化学互补,庆大霉素途径的分支点是由甲基转移酶GenN,GenD 1和GenK的选择性定义的。出乎意料的是,它们包含一个甲基化网络,其中早期中间体被异位修饰。利用全基因组序列,我们还发现了从C1 a产生庆大霉素C2b或从C2产生庆大霉素C1所需的末端6′-N-甲基转移,这是一个重要的生物合成酶不位于生物合成基因簇中,而是远离染色体的例子。这些发现充分解释了庆大霉素中的甲基化模式,并为通过发酵生产单个庆大霉素(作为半合成的起始材料)开辟了道路。
Significance Aminoglycosides remain a vital clinical asset. Gentamicin C complex in particular is remarkably potent in treating systemic Gram-negative infections, and semisynthetic gentamicins that combat pathogen resistance or show reduced toxicity remain attractive goals. We report here the roles of clustered genes and enzymes that define a methylation network in gentamicin biosynthesis and also identify a remote gene on the chromosome encoding the essential methyltransferase GenL, which is decisive for the proportions of the five major components present in the gentamicin C complex. This is an important step toward engineered fermentation to produce single components as valuable starting materials for semisynthesis of next-generation aminoglycoside antibiotics. Gentamicin C complex from Micromonospora echinospora remains a globally important antibiotic, and there is revived interest in the semisynthesis of analogs that might show improved therapeutic properties. The complex consists of five components differing in their methylation pattern at one or more sites in the molecule. We show here, using specific gene deletion and chemical complementation, that the gentamicin pathway up to the branch point is defined by the selectivity of the methyltransferases GenN, GenD1, and GenK. Unexpectedly, they comprise a methylation network in which early intermediates are ectopically modified. Using whole-genome sequence, we have also discovered the terminal 6′-N-methyltransfer required to produce gentamicin C2b from C1a or gentamicin C1 from C2, an example of an essential biosynthetic enzyme being located not in the biosynthetic gene cluster but far removed on the chromosome. These findings fully account for the methylation pattern in gentamicins and open the way to production of individual gentamicins by fermentation, as starting materials for semisynthesis.
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影响因子: 1.2
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影响因子: --
作者:
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