Links Between Testosterone, Oestrogen, and the Growth Hormone/Insulin-Like Growth Factor Axis and Resistance Exercise Muscle Adaptations.
Links Between Testosterone, Oestrogen, and the Growth Hormone/Insulin-Like Growth Factor Axis and Resistance Exercise Muscle Adaptations.
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DOI：
10.3389/fphys.2020.621226
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Atherton PJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gharahdaghi N;Phillips BE;Szewczyk NJ;Smith K;Wilkinson DJ;Atherton PJ
在整个生命过程中维持骨骼肌质量是调节健康的关键，体育活动是其中的关键组成部分，部分原因是它对睾酮、雌激素、生长激素（GH）和胰岛素样生长因子（IGF）等关键激素的影响。尽管这些激素在不同类型的运动中对骨骼肌质量的调节很重要，但它们与控制肌肉质量的过程的相互作用尚不清楚。这篇综述介绍了这些激素在骨骼肌质量及其反应的调节中的重要性，以及参与肌肉对阻力运动的适应。强调睾酮作为主要合成代谢激素在运动训练后肌肉适应中的关键作用，通过其与合成代谢信号通路和其他激素通过雄激素受体（AR）相互作用，本综述还描述了其他激素如生长激素和IGF-1的波动与膳食氨基酸可用性的潜在重要性；在月经周期和更年期的影响下，雌激素的作用在女性的适应性运动反应中尤为重要。最后，讨论了这些激素影响肌肉蛋白质转换（合成和分解）调节的下游机制，从而讨论了肌肉质量。我们对一生中影响蛋白质周转的激素的理解取得了进展，这不仅对运动员，而且对普通和临床人群都有很大的相关性。
Maintenance of skeletal muscle mass throughout the life course is key for the regulation of health, with physical activity a critical component of this, in part, due to its influence upon key hormones such as testosterone, estrogen, growth hormone (GH), and insulin-like growth factor (IGF). Despite the importance of these hormones for the regulation of skeletal muscle mass in response to different types of exercise, their interaction with the processes controlling muscle mass remain unclear. This review presents evidence on the importance of these hormones in the regulation of skeletal muscle mass and their responses, and involvement in muscle adaptation to resistance exercise. Highlighting the key role testosterone plays as a primary anabolic hormone in muscle adaptation following exercise training, through its interaction with anabolic signaling pathways and other hormones via the androgen receptor (AR), this review also describes the potential importance of fluctuations in other hormones such as GH and IGF-1 in concert with dietary amino acid availability; and the role of estrogen, under the influence of the menstrual cycle and menopause, being especially important in adaptive exercise responses in women. Finally, the downstream mechanisms by which these hormones impact regulation of muscle protein turnover (synthesis and breakdown), and thus muscle mass are discussed. Advances in our understanding of hormones that impact protein turnover throughout life offers great relevance, not just for athletes, but also for the general and clinical populations alike.
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DOI：
10.1113/jp272857
发表时间：
2016-12-15
期刊：
The Journal of physiology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Brook MS;Wilkinson DJ;Mitchell WK;Lund JN;Phillips BE;Szewczyk NJ;Greenhaff PL;Smith K;Atherton PJ
通讯作者：
Atherton PJ
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Allard JB;Duan C
通讯作者：
Duan C
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
COLEMAN, ME;DEMAYO, F;SCHWARTZ, RJ
通讯作者：
SCHWARTZ, RJ
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Doessing, Simon;Heinemeier, Katja M.;Kjaer, Michael
通讯作者：
Kjaer, Michael
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
BAKER, J;LIU, JP;EFSTRATIADIS, A
通讯作者：
EFSTRATIADIS, A