Toward the restoration of hand use to a paralyzed monkey: brain-controlled functional electrical stimulation of forearm muscles.
Toward the restoration of hand use to a paralyzed monkey: brain-controlled functional electrical stimulation of forearm muscles.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0005924
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发表时间：
2009-06-15
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Miller LE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pohlmeyer EA;Oby ER;Perreault EJ;Solla SA;Kilgore KL;Kirsch RF;Miller LE
许多脊髓损伤幸存者认为，失去双手的使用是他们受伤后最具破坏性的后果。前臂和手部肌肉的功能性电刺激(FES)已经被用来为数百名人类患者提供基本的、自愿的手握力。目前的方法通常使用简单的控制信号对肌肉激活的预编程模式进行评分，例如来自剩余运动或肌肉活动的控制信号。然而，这种固定刺激模式的使用将手的功能限制在编程到控制器中的少数任务上。相比之下，我们正在开发一种系统，它使用植入运动皮质的多电极阵列记录的神经信号；该系统具有在广泛的功能任务中提供对多块肌肉的独立控制的潜力。两只猴子能够使用这种皮质控制的FES系统来控制四块前臂肌肉的收缩，尽管它们暂时四肢瘫痪。猴子在一维力跟踪任务中能够产生的腕力显著增加。此外，猴子能够以足够的精度控制力量的大小和时间进程，以仅降低正常速度三分之一至一半的速度跟踪视觉显示的力量目标。尽管这些结果是通过只控制四块肌肉来实现的，但同样的方法为什么不能扩大到控制更多的肌肉，没有根本的原因。我们认为这些结果提供了一个重要的概念证据，即脑控FES假体最终可能对颈中脊髓损伤的瘫痪患者有很大好处。
Loss of hand use is considered by many spinal cord injury survivors to be the most devastating consequence of their injury. Functional electrical stimulation (FES) of forearm and hand muscles has been used to provide basic, voluntary hand grasp to hundreds of human patients. Current approaches typically grade pre-programmed patterns of muscle activation using simple control signals, such as those derived from residual movement or muscle activity. However, the use of such fixed stimulation patterns limits hand function to the few tasks programmed into the controller. In contrast, we are developing a system that uses neural signals recorded from a multi-electrode array implanted in the motor cortex; this system has the potential to provide independent control of multiple muscles over a broad range of functional tasks. Two monkeys were able to use this cortically controlled FES system to control the contraction of four forearm muscles despite temporary limb paralysis. The amount of wrist force the monkeys were able to produce in a one-dimensional force tracking task was significantly increased. Furthermore, the monkeys were able to control the magnitude and time course of the force with sufficient accuracy to track visually displayed force targets at speeds reduced by only one-third to one-half of normal. Although these results were achieved by controlling only four muscles, there is no fundamental reason why the same methods could not be scaled up to control a larger number of muscles. We believe these results provide an important proof of concept that brain-controlled FES prostheses could ultimately be of great benefit to paralyzed patients with injuries in the mid-cervical spinal cord.
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影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Moritz, Chet T.;Perlmutter, Steve I.;Fetz, Eberhard E.
通讯作者：
Fetz, Eberhard E.
DOI：
10.1109/86.847817
发表时间：
2000-06-01
期刊：
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON REHABILITATION ENGINEERING
影响因子：
--
作者：
Lauer, RT;Peckham, PH;Heetderks, WJ
通讯作者：
Heetderks, WJ
影响因子：
2
作者：
Holdefer, RN;Miller, LE
通讯作者：
Miller, LE
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Pfurtscheller, G;Müller, GR;Rupp, R
通讯作者：
Rupp, R
影响因子：
4
作者：
Pohlmeyer, Eric A.;Solla, Sara A.;Miller, Lee E.
通讯作者：
Miller, Lee E.