New Insights into 5hmC DNA Modification: Generation, Distribution and Function.

New Insights into 5hmC DNA Modification: Generation, Distribution and Function.
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对 5hmC DNA 修饰的新见解:生成、分布和功能

DOI:
10.3389/fgene.2017.00100
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发表时间:
2017
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Yang WC
Yang WC
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Shi DQ;Ali I;Tang J;Yang WC

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动态DNA修饰,如胞嘧啶甲基化/去甲基化,是调节真核生物和原核生物基因表达的主要表观遗传机制。除了胞嘧啶嘧啶环第5位(5mC)上常见的甲基化外,在同一位置上的其他类型的修饰,如5-羟甲基(5hmC), 5-甲酰基(5fC)和5-羧基(5caC),也很重要。最近,10 - 11易位家族蛋白的5mC去甲基化产物5hmC被证明可以调节许多细胞和发育过程,包括胚胎干细胞的多能性、神经元发育和哺乳动物的肿瘤发生。本文综述了哺乳动物中5hmC修饰的发生、分布和功能的最新进展,并讨论了其在植物中的潜在作用。
Dynamic DNA modifications, such as methylation/demethylation on cytosine, are major epigenetic mechanisms to modulate gene expression in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. In addition to the common methylation on the 5th position of the pyrimidine ring of cytosine (5mC), other types of modifications at the same position, such as 5-hydroxymethyl (5hmC), 5-formyl (5fC), and 5-carboxyl (5caC), are also important. Recently, 5hmC, a product of 5mC demethylation by the Ten-Eleven Translocation family proteins, was shown to regulate many cellular and developmental processes, including the pluripotency of embryonic stem cells, neuron development, and tumorigenesis in mammals. Here, we review recent advances on the generation, distribution, and function of 5hmC modification in mammals and discuss its potential roles in plants.
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