Non-surface Attached Bacterial Aggregates: A Ubiquitous Third Lifestyle.
Non-surface Attached Bacterial Aggregates: A Ubiquitous Third Lifestyle.
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非表面附着的细菌骨料：无处不在的第三次生活方式。
DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2020.557035
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Cai YM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cai YM
现在人们普遍认为细菌有两种主要的生活方式：浮游个体或附着在表面的生物膜。然而，近年来医学微生物学家开始强调，悬浮细菌聚集体是慢性感染部位细菌群落的主要形式。尽管与表面附着的生物膜有许多相似之处，因此通常被定义为类生物膜聚集体，但这些非附着的细胞团在体内的大小要小得多，形成机制也不同。此外，与标准型菌株相比，离体临床分离株经常被报道较少附着于非生物表面。虽然这第三种生活方式开始在临床研究中引起广泛关注，但它在自然科学和环境科学中有着悠久的历史。例如，细菌附着在浮游植物的外聚合物上形成的海洋凝胶颗粒已经在海洋中得到了充分的记录；在淡水系统中经常发现含有细菌聚集物的大型河流和湖泊雪；多菌种“絮凝体”在污水处理中应用已久。这篇综述的重点是在各种自然和临床环境中发现的非附着性聚集体，以及一些促进聚集体研究的最新技术发展。目的是总结不同类型细菌聚集体的特征，弥合知识差距，为不同领域的研究人员提供新的视角，并强调更多研究投入与我们日常生活密切相关的细菌的第三种生活方式的重要性。
Bacteria are now generally believed to adopt two main lifestyles: planktonic individuals, or surface-attached biofilms. However, in recent years medical microbiologists started to stress that suspended bacterial aggregates are a major form of bacterial communities in chronic infection sites. Despite sharing many similarities with surface-attached biofilms and are thus generally defined as biofilm-like aggregates, these non-attached clumps of cells in vivo show much smaller sizes and different formation mechanisms. Furthermore, ex vivo clinical isolates were frequently reported to be less attached to abiotic surfaces when compared to standard type strains. While this third lifestyle is starting to draw heavy attention in clinical studies, it has a long history in natural and environmental sciences. For example, marine gel particles formed by bacteria attachment to phytoplankton exopolymers have been well documented in oceans; large river and lake snows loaded with bacterial aggregates are frequently found in freshwater systems; multispecies bacterial “flocs” have long been used in wastewater treatment. This review focuses on non-attached aggregates found in a variety of natural and clinical settings, as well as some recent technical developments facilitating aggregate research. The aim is to summarise the characteristics of different types of bacterial aggregates, bridging the knowledge gap, provoking new perspectives for researchers from different fields, and highlighting the importance of more research input in this third lifestyle of bacteria closely relevant to our daily life.
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影响因子：
12.8
作者：
ANDREADAKIS, AD
通讯作者：
ANDREADAKIS, AD
影响因子：
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作者：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
Gärdes A
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Baugh, Stephanie;Phillips, Charlotte R.;Webber, Mark A.
通讯作者：
Webber, Mark A.