The Emergence of Japanese Encephalitis Virus in Australia in 2022: Existing Knowledge of Mosquito Vectors.
The Emergence of Japanese Encephalitis Virus in Australia in 2022: Existing Knowledge of Mosquito Vectors.
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DOI：
10.3390/v14061208
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发表时间：
2022-06-02
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影响因子：
--
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2022年初，日本脑炎病毒（JEV）被确定为澳大利亚东南部养猪场死胎和木乃伊仔猪的原因。随后在包括四个州的广泛地区发现了人间病例和其他感染仔猪的猪场。为了告知监测和控制方案，我们综合了澳大利亚JEV病媒的现有信息，其中大部分是在1995年至2005年期间JEV入侵北方昆士兰州时产生的。库蚊亚组的成员，特别是环喙库蚊，应被视为澳大利亚JEV的主要媒介，因为它们产生了>87%的JEV现场检测，是病毒的高效实验室媒介，在猪和鸟类（病毒的关键扩增宿主）可用时容易喂养，并且广泛分布，经常在大种群中发生。三种引进的物种，致倦库蚊、吉色库蚊和三带喙库蚊也可能作为病媒，但需要更多关于其在澳大利亚的地理分布、丰度和生物学特性的资料。其他属的蚊子，如伊蚊和疣蚊，虽然被认为是相对较差的媒介，但在传播中可能发挥区域或补充作用，特别是作为病毒越冬机制促进垂直传播。还讨论了可能影响JEV传播的其他因素，包括蚊子的生存、传播和遗传。可能的调查方向提供，特别是在该病毒出现在一个地区与不同的蚊子区系和环境驱动因素比北方澳大利亚的背景下。
In early 2022, the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) was identified as the cause of stillborn and mummified piglets in pig farms in southeastern Australia. Human cases and additional pig farms with infected piglets were subsequently identified across a widespread area encompassing four states. To inform surveillance and control programs, we synthesized existing information on Australian vectors of JEV, much of which was generated in response to incursions of JEV into the northern state of Queensland between 1995 and 2005. Members of the Culex sitiens subgroup, particularly Culex annulirostris, should be considered the primary vectors of JEV in Australia, as they yielded >87% of field detections of JEV, were highly efficient laboratory vectors of the virus, readily fed on pigs and birds (the key amplifying hosts of the virus) when they were available, and are widespread and often occur in large populations. Three introduced species, Culex quinquefasciatus, Culex gelidus and Culex tritaeniorhynchus may also serve as vectors, but more information on their geographical distribution, abundance and bionomics in the Australian context is required. Mosquitoes from other genera, such as Aedes and Verrallina, whilst considered relatively poor vectors, could play a regional or supplemental role in transmission, especially facilitating vertical transmission as a virus overwintering mechanism. Additional factors that could impact JEV transmission, including mosquito survival, dispersal and genetics, are also discussed. Possible directions for investigation are provided, especially in the context of the virus emerging in a region with different mosquito fauna and environmental drivers than northern Australia.
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影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Chapman, HF;Kay, BH;Hughes, JM
通讯作者：
Hughes, JM
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Frances, SP;Cooper, RD;Cheng, Q
通讯作者：
Cheng, Q
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Fansiri T;Fontaine A;Diancourt L;Caro V;Thaisomboonsuk B;Richardson JH;Jarman RG;Ponlawat A;Lambrechts L
通讯作者：
Lambrechts L
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Hall-Mendelin, Sonja;Jansen, Cassie C.;Van den Hurk, Andrew F.
通讯作者：
Van den Hurk, Andrew F.
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Flies, Emily J.;Flies, Andrew S.;Williams, Craig R.
通讯作者：
Williams, Craig R.