The wear and tear on health: What is the role of occupation?
The wear and tear on health: What is the role of occupation?
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DOI：
10.1002/hec.3563
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发表时间：
2018-03
期刊：
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Doorslaer EV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ravesteijn B;Kippersluis HV;Doorslaer EV
众所周知，健康状况因职业而呈现明显的梯度。虽然职业可能会影响健康，但除了职业对健康的简单因果影响外，还有多种可能的选择来源可以产生强烈的关联。我们将工作特征与德国29年的面板数据联系起来，以他们的身体和心理负担来描述职业。采用一个动态模型来控制同时影响健康和职业选择的因素，我们发现职业选择至少占60%的关联。职业特征的影响，如身体紧张和低工作控制是负面的，并随着年龄的增长而增加：职业生涯后期暴露于1年的高身体紧张和低工作控制分别与16岁和6个月的平均健康下降相当。
Health is well known to show a clear gradient by occupation. Although it may appear evident that occupation can affect health, there are multiple possible sources of selection that can generate a strong association, other than simply a causal effect of occupation on health. We link job characteristics to German panel data spanning 29 years to characterize occupations by their physical and psychosocial burden. Employing a dynamic model to control for factors that simultaneously affect health and selection into occupation, we find that selection into occupation accounts for at least 60% of the association. The effects of occupational characteristics such as physical strain and low job control are negative and increase with age: late‐career exposure to 1 year of high physical strain and low job control is comparable to the average health decline from ageing 16 and 6 months, respectively.
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