Spatial and temporal analysis of surface hardness across a third-generation artificial turf pitch over a year.
Spatial and temporal analysis of surface hardness across a third-generation artificial turf pitch over a year.
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DOI：
10.1177/1754337114523756
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发表时间：
2014-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Tsui F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Forrester SE;Tsui F
尽管对比赛性能和安全性有潜在的负面影响，但目前对人造草坪球场性能的空间和时间变化知之甚少。本研究的主要目的是量化的空间和时间变化的表面硬度在整个5岁的第三代人造草坪球场在全年周期。第二个目的是调查的关键变量，有助于这些变化的表面硬度使用的相关性方法。从2011年8月到2012年8月，在第三代人造草坪球场的91个位置进行了为期13个月的测试，测量了表面硬度（2.25 kg Clegg冲击锤，平均跌落2-5次）、地面温度和填充深度。每个月，降雨量在24小时前的测试和沥青使用统计数据也获得。防震垫厚度是根据2007年更换地毯时进行的测量得出的。使用稳健的统计测量评估空间和时间变化，同时使用斯皮尔曼相关性评估次要变量对表面硬度变化的贡献。结果表明，表面硬度的空间变化超过时间变化;前者在任何测试阶段中表现出12 ± 1 G的中位绝对偏差，而后者在13个测试阶段中的中位绝对偏差仅为4 ± 2 G。表面硬度的空间变化与减震垫厚度中度相关，与填充深度弱相关（均为负）。这些结果加强了监测空间和时间变化的重要性，发挥性能变量的第三代表面，以及提供支持的作用，维护在最大限度地减少空间变化。
Despite the potentially negative effects on play performance and safety, little is currently known about the spatial and temporal variability in the properties of artificial turf pitches. The primary purpose of this study was to quantify the spatial and temporal variations in surface hardness across a 5-year-old third-generation artificial turf pitch over full year cycle. The secondary purpose was to investigate the key variables that contributed to these variations in surface hardness using a correlation approach. Surface hardness (2.25 kg Clegg impact hammer, average of drops 2–5), ground temperature and infill depth were measured at 91 locations across the third-generation artificial turf pitch in 13-monthly test sessions from August 2011 to August 2012 inclusive. For each month, rainfall in the 24 h prior to testing and pitch usage statistics were also obtained. Shockpad thickness was obtained from measurements taken when the carpet was replaced in 2007. Spatial and temporal variations were assessed using robust statistical measures while Spearman correlation was used to assess the contributions of the secondary variables to surface hardness variability. The results indicated that spatial variation in surface hardness exceeded temporal variation; the former demonstrated a median absolute deviation of 12 ± 1 G across the pitch in any test session while the median absolute deviation for the latter was only 4 ± 2 G across the 13 test sessions. Spatial variation in surface hardness was moderately correlated with shockpad thickness and weakly correlated with infill depth (both negative). These results reinforce the importance of monitoring spatial and temporal variations in play performance variables for third-generation surfaces as well as providing support for the role of maintenance in minimising the spatial variation.
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.1998.0388
发表时间：
1998-06-07
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Ferris, DP;Louie, M;Farley, CT
通讯作者：
Farley, CT
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Fleming, P.;Young, C.;Dixon, N.
通讯作者：
Dixon, N.
DOI：
10.1177/1754337111401688
发表时间：
2011-06-01
影响因子：
1.5
作者：
Fleming, P.
通讯作者：
Fleming, P.
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Kerdok, AE;Biewener, AA;Herr, HM
通讯作者：
Herr, HM
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Meyers, Michael C.
通讯作者：
Meyers, Michael C.