Emerging risk governance for stratospheric aerosol injection as a climate management technology

Emerging risk governance for stratospheric aerosol injection as a climate management technology
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作为气候管理技术的平流层气溶胶注入的新兴风险治理

DOI:
10.1007/s10669-019-09730-6
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Borsuk, Mark
Borsuk, Mark
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Grieger, Khara D.;Felgenhauer, Tyler;Renn, Ortwin;Wiener, Jonathan;Borsuk, Mark

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平流层气溶胶注入(SAI)作为一种太阳辐射管理(SRM)技术,可能提供一种成本效益高的手段来避免气候变化的一些最严重影响,其成本可能比温室气体减排低一个数量级。与此同时,SAI技术具有非常不确定的经济和环境影响,以及复杂的伦理、法律、政治和国际关系影响。需要强大的治理战略来管理与SAI相关的许多潜在好处、风险和不确定性。鉴于国际风险治理理事会在管理其他更常规风险方面的经验,这一视角回顾了S关于新兴风险治理的指南,将其作为负责任地考虑SAI的一种方法。我们研究了IRGC ERG指南的五个步骤如何应对SAI带来的复杂、不确定和模棱两可的风险。在步骤1中确定了各种风险,在步骤2中确定了放大或消除风险的方案,在步骤3中确定了适用的风险管理选项。步骤4和5涉及由已建立的组织内的风险管理人员实施和审查。为全面通过和颁布IRGC的ERG准则,应由一个国际财团或理事机构(或一组机构)负责治理和监督。这一视角为审查这样一个机构将承担的风险治理任务提供了第一步,并有助于不断增长的关于SRM治理最佳实践的文献。
Stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) as a solar radiation management (SRM) technology may provide a cost-effective means of avoiding some of the worst impacts of climate change, being perhaps orders of magnitude less expensive than greenhouse gas emissions mitigation. At the same time, SAI technologies have deeply uncertain economic and environmental impacts and complex ethical, legal, political, and international relations ramifications. Robust governance strategies are needed to manage the many potential benefits, risks, and uncertainties related to SAI. This perspective reviews the International Risk Governance Council (IRGC)’s guidelines for emerging risk governance (ERG) as an approach for responsible consideration of SAI, given the IRGC’s experience in governing other more conventional risks. We examine how the five steps of the IRGC’s ERG guidelines would address the complex, uncertain, and ambiguous risks presented by SAI. Diverse risks are identified in Step 1, scenarios to amplify or dissipate the risks are identified in Step 2, and applicable risk management options identified in Step 3. Steps 4 and 5 involve implementation and review by risk managers within an established organization. For full adoption and promulgation of the IRGC’s ERG guidelines, an international consortium or governing body (or set of bodies) should be tasked with governance and oversight. This Perspective provides a first step at reviewing the risk governance tasks that such a body would undertake and contributes to the growing literature on best practices for SRM governance.
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