Controls on anthropogenic radionuclide distribution in the Sellafield-impacted Eastern Irish Sea.

Controls on anthropogenic radionuclide distribution in the Sellafield-impacted Eastern Irish Sea.
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对受塞拉菲尔德影响的东爱尔兰海人为放射性核素分布的控制。

DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140765
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
The Science of the total environment
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Ray D
Ray D
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ray D

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了解自然系统中人为放射性核素的生物地球化学和迁移性是改进放射性污染环境和放射性废物管理的关键。在这里,我们描述了从爱尔兰海(站点1:爱尔兰海泥斑;站点2:Esk河口)采集的两个沉积岩芯中137Cs、Pu和241Am的当代深度分布和相分配。这两个地点都位于距离塞拉菲尔德核设施约10公里的地方。低放射性废物已从Sellafield地点排放到爱尔兰海,为期50年。我们利用微量元素丰度、微生物生态学和顺序提取,将每个地点放射性核素的深度分布与沉积物和孔隙水氧化还原化学的趋势进行比较,以更好地了解沉积物生物地球化学与物理控制对沉积物中放射性核素分布/沉积后活动性的相对重要性。我们强调,137Cs、Pu和241Am在这两个地点的分布在很大程度上受沉积物的物理混合、物理迁移过程和沉积物积累的控制。有趣的是,在Esk河口,微生物介导的氧化还原过程(考虑Pu)似乎并不能显著控制Pu的分布,即使在十年时间尺度上也是如此。我们还强调,爱尔兰海的泥石流很可能仍然是爱尔兰海其他地区历史上的污染源,尽管塞拉菲尔德遗址的废物产量一直在下降。
Understanding anthropogenic radionuclide biogeochemistry and mobility in natural systems is key to improving the management of radioactively contaminated environments and radioactive wastes. Here, we describe the contemporary depth distribution and phase partitioning of137Cs, Pu, and241Am in two sediment cores taken from the Irish Sea (Site 1: the Irish Sea Mudpatch; Site 2: the Esk Estuary). Both sites are located ~10 km from the Sellafield nuclear site. Low-level aqueous radioactive waste has been discharged from the Sellafield site into the Irish Sea for >50 y. We compare the depth distribution of the radionuclides at each site to trends in sediment and porewater redox chemistry, using trace element abundance, microbial ecology, and sequential extractions, to better understand the relative importance of sediment biogeochemistry vs. physical controls on radionuclide distribution/post-depositional mobility in the sediments. We highlight that the distribution of137Cs, Pu, and241Am at both sites is largely controlled by physical mixing of the sediments, physical transport processes, and sediment accumulation. Interestingly, at the Esk Estuary, microbially-mediated redox processes (considered for Pu) do not appear to offer significant controls on Pu distribution, even over decadal timescales. We also highlight that the Irish Sea Mudpatch likely still acts as a source of historical pollution to other areas in the Irish Sea, despite ever decreasing levels of waste output from the Sellafield site.
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DOI: --
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