Microbial underdogs: exploring the significance of low-abundance commensals in host-microbe interactions.
Microbial underdogs: exploring the significance of low-abundance commensals in host-microbe interactions.
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DOI：
10.1038/s12276-023-01120-y
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发表时间：
2023-12
影响因子：
12.8
通讯作者：
Vaishnava S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Han G;Vaishnava S
在过去的几十年里，我们对宿主-微生物相互作用的理解通过大量的研究得到了扩展。然而，大多数研究主要集中在生态系统中的优势成员，而忽略了低丰度的微生物。此外，实验动物通常没有细菌以外的微生物。由于自然环境中微生物群落的多样性，在实验室动物（包括免疫系统）中观察到的表型与真实世界的观察结果相比存在显著差异。有趣的是，最近的研究揭示了低丰度微生物所发挥的有益作用。尽管它们很罕见，但这些关键类群在塑造微生物组成和实现宿主中的特定功能方面发挥着关键作用。因此，了解低丰度微生物已成为解开真正的微生物的当务之急。在这篇综述中，我们提供了一个全面的概述低丰度的微生物，包括低丰度的细菌，真菌，古菌和原生动物，如何与宿主相互作用，并有助于宿主表型，重点是免疫系统的重要发现。事实上，低丰度微生物在宿主免疫系统的发育中起着至关重要的作用，影响疾病状态，并在特定生态位中塑造微生物群落中发挥关键作用。了解低丰度微生物的作用是重要的，将导致更好地了解真正的宿主-微生物关系。一项新的研究表明，低丰度的细菌在宿主生理学中起着关键作用。这些微生物，包括细菌、真菌、古细菌和原生动物，与宿主建立互惠关系，并影响各种表型，如免疫激活、疾病发生、社会行为和对病原体感染的保护。这些微生物与其生态位中的其他微生物之间也发生相互作用。需要进一步的研究来探索低丰度微生物作为疾病标志物或治疗靶点的潜力。本摘要最初使用人工智能起草，然后由作者进行修改和事实检查。
Our understanding of host-microbe interactions has broadened through numerous studies over the past decades. However, most investigations primarily focus on the dominant members within ecosystems while neglecting low-abundance microorganisms. Moreover, laboratory animals usually do not have microorganisms beyond bacteria. The phenotypes observed in laboratory animals, including the immune system, have displayed notable discrepancies when compared to real-world observations due to the diverse microbial community in natural environments. Interestingly, recent studies have unveiled the beneficial roles played by low-abundance microorganisms. Despite their rarity, these keystone taxa play a pivotal role in shaping the microbial composition and fulfilling specific functions in the host. Consequently, understanding low-abundance microorganisms has become imperative to unravel true commensalism. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of important findings on how low-abundance commensal microorganisms, including low-abundance bacteria, fungi, archaea, and protozoa, interact with the host and contribute to host phenotypes, with emphasis on the immune system. Indeed, low-abundance microorganisms play vital roles in the development of the host’s immune system, influence disease status, and play a key role in shaping microbial communities in specific niches. Understanding the roles of low-abundance microbes is important and will lead to a better understanding of the true host-microbe relationships. A new study reveals low-abundance commensals play key roles in host physiology. These microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, archaea, and protozoa, establish mutualistic relationships with the host and impact various phenotypes such as immune activation, disease occurrence, social behavior, and protection against pathogenic infections. Interactions between these microorganisms and other commensal bacteria in their niche also occur. Further research is needed to explore the potential of low-abundance microbes as disease markers or therapeutic targets. This summary was initially drafted using artificial intelligence, then revised and fact-checked by the author.
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DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(20)32205-4
发表时间：
2021-04-24
期刊：
Lancet (London, England)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Scheltens P;De Strooper B;Kivipelto M;Holstege H;Chételat G;Teunissen CE;Cummings J;van der Flier WM
通讯作者：
van der Flier WM
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Arumugam, Manimozhiyan;Raes, Jeroen;Pelletier, Eric;Le Paslier, Denis;Yamada, Takuji;Mende, Daniel R.;Fernandes, Gabriel R.;Tap, Julien;Bruls, Thomas;Batto, Jean-Michel;Bertalan, Marcelo;Borruel, Natalia;Casellas, Francesc;Fernandez, Leyden;Gautier, Laurent;Hansen, Torben;Hattori, Masahira;Hayashi, Tetsuya;Kleerebezem, Michiel;Kurokawa, Ken;Leclerc, Marion;Levenez, Florence;Manichanh, Chaysavanh;Nielsen, H. Bjorn;Nielsen, Trine;Pons, Nicolas;Poulain, Julie;Qin, Junjie;Sicheritz-Ponten, Thomas;Tims, Sebastian;Torrents, David;Ugarte, Edgardo;Zoetendal, Erwin G.;Wang, Jun;Guarner, Francisco;Pedersen, Oluf;de Vos, Willem M.;Brunak, Soren;Dore, Joel;Weissenbach, Jean;Ehrlich, S. Dusko;Bork, Peer
通讯作者：
Bork, Peer
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Blacher, Eran;Bashiardes, Stavros;Elinav, Eran
通讯作者：
Elinav, Eran
影响因子：
11
作者：
Berry, David;Schwab, Clarissa;Loy, Alexander
通讯作者：
Loy, Alexander
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Chen L;Zhu Y;Hou X;Yang L;Chu H
通讯作者：
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