Glutamate, GABA, and glutamine are synchronously upregulated in the mouse lateral septum during the postpartum period.
Glutamate, GABA, and glutamine are synchronously upregulated in the mouse lateral septum during the postpartum period.
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产后时期，谷氨酸，GABA和谷氨酰胺在小鼠侧隔中同步上调。
DOI：
10.1016/j.brainres.2014.10.023
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发表时间：
2014-12-03
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Gammie, Stephen C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhao, Changjiu;Gammie, Stephen C.
戏剧性的结构和功能重塑发生在产后的大脑建立母亲的照顾，这是必不可少的生长和发育的年轻后代。谷氨酸和GABA信号传导对于调节多种行为表现至关重要。大规模的信号变化发生在产后的大脑中，但目前还不清楚神经递质谷氨酸和GABA的变化程度以及谷氨酸/GABA的比例是否保持平衡。在这项研究中，我们研究了谷氨酸/GABA-谷氨酰胺循环在侧隔（LS）的产后雌性小鼠。在产后的女性（相对于处女），组织水平的谷氨酸和GABA的LS和增加的mRNA被发现为相应的酶产生谷氨酸和GABA，谷氨酸脱羧酶（GLS）和谷氨酸脱羧酶1和2（Gad 1和Gad 2）。共同的前体谷氨酰胺和产生它的酶谷氨酸-氨连接酶（Glul）一样升高。此外，谷氨酸，GABA和谷氨酰胺呈正相关，谷氨酸/GABA的比例几乎是相同的产后和处女的女性。总的来说，这些发现表明，谷氨酸和GABA信号增加，谷氨酸/GABA的比例是很好的平衡，在母体LS。产后大脑可能提供一个有用的模型系统，用于了解谷氨酸和GABA是如何联系在一起的，尽管信号发生了很大的变化。考虑到一些精神健康疾病，包括抑郁症和精神分裂症显示谷氨酸/GABA比例失调，并且母亲对精神疾病的脆弱性增加，当谷氨酸和GABA变化没有得到适当协调时，这些产后疾病可能会出现。
Dramatic structural and functional remodeling occurs in the postpartum brain for the establishment of maternal care, which is essential for the growth and development of young offspring. Glutamate and GABA signaling are critically important in modulating multiple behavioral performances. Large scale signaling changes occur in the postpartum brain, but it is still not clear to what extent the neurotransmitters glutamate and GABA change and whether the ratio of glutamate/GABA remains balanced. In this study, we examined the glutamate/GABA-glutamine cycle in the lateral septum (LS) of postpartum female mice. In postpartum females (relative to virgins), tissue levels of glutamate and GABA were elevated in LS and increased mRNA was found for the respective enzymes producing glutamate and GABA, glutaminase (Gls) and glutamate decarboxylase 1 and 2 (Gad1 and Gad2). The common precursor, glutamine, was elevated as was the enzyme that produces it, glutamate-ammonia ligase (Glul). Additionally, glutamate, GABA, and glutamine were positively correlated and the glutamate/GABA ratio was almost identical in the postpartum and virgin females. Collectively, these findings indicate that glutamate and GABA signaling are increased and that the ratio of glutamate/GABA is well balanced in the maternal LS. The postpartum brain may provide a useful model system for understanding how glutamate and GABA are linked despite large signaling changes. Given that some mental health disorders, including depression and schizophrenia display dysregulated glutamate/GABA ratio, and there is increased vulnerability to mental disorders in mothers, it is possible that these postpartum disorders emerge when glutamate and GABA changes are not properly coordinated.
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