The cultural evolution and ecology of institutions.
The cultural evolution and ecology of institutions.
复制标题
制度的文化演化与生态。
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2020.0047
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发表时间：
2021-07-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Walker L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Currie TE;Campenni M;Flitton A;Njagi T;Ontiri E;Perret C;Walker L
人类社会是由我们所说的“制度”构成的，这些制度是社会创造和文化继承的，对行为的禁止定义了角色，并设定了对社会互动的期望。对几个社会科学领域的制度的研究提供了许多重要的见解，这些见解在进化的人文科学中还没有得到充分的认识。然而，这类研究往往缺乏对跨越空间和时间形成制度多样性的一般变化过程的共同理解。我们认为，进化论可以为综合不同学科的信息提供一个有用的框架，以解决制度如何以及为什么随着时间的推移而变化，制度规则如何与其他文化遗传特征共同进化，以及生态因素在形成制度多样性方面可能发挥的作用。我们认为，通过将文化进化思维应用于制度研究，我们可以获得重要的见解，但我们也需要扩展和调整我们的方法，以更好地处理制度的运作方式，以及它们如何随着时间的推移而变化。在本文中，我们通过描述宏观尺度的实证比较分析来说明我们的方法，这些分析展示了进化理论如何被用来产生和检验关于过程的假设，这些过程塑造了我们在过去和当今世界上看到的制度多样性的一些主要模式。然后，我们继续讨论如何通过适应博弈论和基于主体的建模的概念，有效地开发制度变迁的微观模型。最后，我们考虑了当前的挑战和未来研究的领域，以及对其他研究领域和现实世界应用的潜在影响。本文是“文化进化的基础”主题的一部分。
Human societies are structured by what we refer to as ‘institutions’, which are socially created and culturally inherited proscriptions on behaviour that define roles and set expectations about social interactions. The study of institutions in several social science fields has provided many important insights that have not been fully appreciated in the evolutionary human sciences. However, such research has often lacked a shared understanding of general processes of change that shape institutional diversity across space and time. We argue that evolutionary theory can provide a useful framework for synthesizing information from different disciplines to address issues such as how and why institutions change over time, how institutional rules co-evolve with other culturally inherited traits, and the role that ecological factors might play in shaping institutional diversity. We argue that we can gain important insights by applying cultural evolutionary thinking to the study of institutions, but that we also need to expand and adapt our approaches to better handle the ways that institutions work, and how they might change over time. In this paper, we illustrate our approach by describing macro-scale empirical comparative analyses that demonstrate how evolutionary theory can be used to generate and test hypotheses about the processes that have shaped some of the major patterns we see in institutional diversity over time and across the world today. We then go on to discuss how we might usefully develop micro-scale models of institutional change by adapting concepts from game theory and agent-based modelling. We end by considering current challenges and areas for future research, and the potential implications for other areas of study and real-world applications. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Foundations of cultural evolution’.
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影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Gavrilets S;Auerbach J;van Vugt M
通讯作者：
van Vugt M
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0903232106
发表时间：
2009-10-20
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Bell, Adrian V.;Richerson, Peter J.;McElreath, Richard
通讯作者：
McElreath, Richard
影响因子：
--
作者：
Currie, Thomas E.;Turchin, Peter;Gavrilets, Sergey
通讯作者：
Gavrilets, Sergey
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
AXELROD, R;HAMILTON, WD
通讯作者：
HAMILTON, WD
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Currie, Thomas E.;Greenhill, Simon J.;Mace, Ruth
通讯作者：
Mace, Ruth