Marine ice-cliff instability modeling shows mixed-mode ice-cliff failure and yields calving rate parameterization.

Marine ice-cliff instability modeling shows mixed-mode ice-cliff failure and yields calving rate parameterization.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-021-23070-7
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发表时间:
2021-05-11
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Zwinger T
Zwinger T
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Crawford AJ;Benn DI;Todd J;Åström JA;Bassis JN;Zwinger T

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Marine ice-cliff instability could accelerate ice loss from Antarctica, and according to some model predictions could potentially contribute >1 m of global mean sea level rise by 2100 at current emission rates. Regions with over-deepening basins >1 km in depth (e.g., the West Antarctic Ice Sheet) are particularly susceptible to this instability, as retreat could expose increasingly tall cliffs that could exceed ice stability thresholds. Here, we use a suite of high-fidelity glacier models to improve understanding of the modes through which ice cliffs can structurally fail and derive a conservative ice-cliff failure retreat rate parameterization for ice-sheet models. Our results highlight the respective roles of viscous deformation, shear-band formation, and brittle-tensile failure within marine ice-cliff instability. Calving rates increase non-linearly with cliff height, but runaway ice-cliff retreat can be inhibited by viscous flow and back force from iceberg mélange. Ice-cliff failure that leads to marine ice-cliff instability could accelerate Antarctic Ice Sheet retreat. Here, the authors use 3D glacier models to investigate ice-cliff failure, derive a retreat rate relationship, and quantify mélange back force necessary to suppress ice-cliff failure.
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