High Cell Diversity and Complex Peptidergic Signaling Underlie Placozoan Behavior

High Cell Diversity and Complex Peptidergic Signaling Underlie Placozoan Behavior
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高细胞多样性和复杂的肽能信号传导是长生动物行为的基础

DOI:
10.1016/j.cub.2018.08.067
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发表时间:
2018
期刊:
影响因子:
9.2
通讯作者:
Fasshauer D
Fasshauer D
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Varoqueaux F;Williams EA;Truscello L;Grandemange S;Kamm K;Schierter B;Jékely G;Fasshauer D

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盘虫和海绵是唯一没有神经系统和肌肉的动物,但它们对感官刺激的反应都是协调一致的。在没有神经元的情况下,这些自由生活的动物的行为控制是如何实现的,更根本的是,在动物兴起期间,第一批神经元是如何从更原始的细胞进化而来的,用于交流,这些都还不清楚[1-5]。黏着盘毛虫是一种毫米宽、扁平、自由生活的海洋动物,由六种形态确定的细胞类型组成,它们分布在一个简单的身体平面上[6-9]:薄的上上皮和柱状的下上皮,中间散布着一层松散的纤维细胞。其基因组包含编码几种神经肽前体样蛋白和参与神经系统动物神经分泌的蛋白同源物的基因[10-12]。在这里,我们研究肽能信号传导inT。的动因。我们在分布于三层细胞的非重叠细胞群中发现了几种神经肽样分子的特异性表达,揭示了一种意想不到的细胞类型多样性。的动因。通过实时成像,我们发现使用11种不同的多肽对动物的形状、运动模式和速度产生了显著而一致的影响,我们将其分为三种主要类型:(1)起皱,(2)转弯,(3)变平和翻腾。总之,这些数据证明了肽能信号在无神经的placozoans中起着至关重要的作用,并表明在神经系统的进化中,肽能体积信号可能早于突触信号。
Placozoans, together with sponges, are the only animals devoid of a nervous system and muscles, yet both respond to sensory stimulation in a coordinated manner. How behavioral control in these free-living animals is achieved in the absence of neurons and, more fundamentally, how the first neurons evolved from more primitive cells for communication during the rise of animals are not yet understood [1–5]. The placozoanTrichoplax adhaerensis a millimeter-wide, flat, free-living marine animal composed of six morphologically identified cell types distributed across a simple body plan [6–9]: a thin upper epithelium and a columnar lower epithelium interspersed with a loose layer of fiber cells in between. Its genome contains genes encoding several neuropeptide-precursor-like proteins and orthologs of proteins involved in neurosecretion in animals with a nervous system [10–12]. Here we investigate peptidergic signaling inT. adhaerens. We found specific expression of several neuropeptide-like molecules in non-overlapping cell populations distributed over the three cell layers, revealing an unsuspected cell-type diversity ofT. adhaerens. Using live imaging, we discovered that treatments with 11 different peptides elicited striking and consistent effects on the animals' shape, patterns of movement, and velocity that we categorized under three main types: (1) crinkling, (2) turning, and (3) flattening and churning. Together, the data demonstrate a crucial role for peptidergic signaling in nerveless placozoans and suggest that peptidergic volume signaling may have pre-dated synaptic signaling in the evolution of nervous systems.
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057131
发表时间: 2013
期刊: PloS one
影响因子: 3.7
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发表时间: 1974
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DOI: --
发表时间: 1989
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DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2015.02.004
发表时间: 2015-02-23
期刊: Developmental cell
影响因子: 11.8
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