The brain and its time: intrinsic neural timescales are key for input processing.
The brain and its time: intrinsic neural timescales are key for input processing.
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DOI：
10.1038/s42003-021-02483-6
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发表时间：
2021-08-16
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Northoff G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Golesorkhi M;Gomez-Pilar J;Zilio F;Berberian N;Wolff A;Yagoub MCE;Northoff G
我们处理多个时间尺度，并将其整合为一个有意义的整体。最近的证据表明，大脑表现出复杂的多尺度时间组织。根据内源性神经时间尺度(Int)的概念，不同的区域呈现不同的时间尺度；然而，它们的功能和神经机制尚不清楚。我们回顾了最近关于INT的文献，并提出它们是输入处理的关键。具体地说，它们在不同的物种之间共享，即输入共享。这表明INT通过将输入的随机性与大脑神经活动的持续时间统计数据(即输入编码)进行匹配来对输入进行编码。根据模拟和经验数据，我们指出输入整合与分离和输入抽样是输入加工的关键时间机制。这深深地奠定了大脑在其环境和进化背景下的基础。它在理解精神特征和精神障碍方面具有重大意义，以及在将时间尺度整合到人工智能中超越大脑。Golesorkhi等人。讨论关于内在神经时标的最新文献，它们在输入处理中的潜在作用，包括计算机制，以及它们如何与心理特征、精神障碍和人工智能相关。
We process and integrate multiple timescales into one meaningful whole. Recent evidence suggests that the brain displays a complex multiscale temporal organization. Different regions exhibit different timescales as described by the concept of intrinsic neural timescales (INT); however, their function and neural mechanisms remains unclear. We review recent literature on INT and propose that they are key for input processing. Specifically, they are shared across different species, i.e., input sharing. This suggests a role of INT in encoding inputs through matching the inputs’ stochastics with the ongoing temporal statistics of the brain’s neural activity, i.e., input encoding. Following simulation and empirical data, we point out input integration versus segregation and input sampling as key temporal mechanisms of input processing. This deeply grounds the brain within its environmental and evolutionary context. It carries major implications in understanding mental features and psychiatric disorders, as well as going beyond the brain in integrating timescales into artificial intelligence. Golesorkhi et al. discuss recent literature on intrinsic neural timescales, their potential role in input processing including computational mechanism, and how they relate to mental features, psychiatric disorders and artificial intelligence.
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