Structural and functional consequences of reversible lipid asymmetry in living membranes.

Structural and functional consequences of reversible lipid asymmetry in living membranes.
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活膜中可逆脂质不对称的结构和功能后果。

DOI:
10.1038/s41589-020-00688-0
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发表时间:
2020-12
影响因子:
14.8
通讯作者:
Levental I
Levental I
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Doktorova M;Symons JL;Levental I

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跨质膜(PM)双层的两个小叶的脂质不对称性的维持是真核细胞的普遍特征。这种不对称性的丧失与细胞死亡广泛相关。然而,越来越多的证据表明,非凋亡,PM不对称的瞬时变化的生理重要性。这种瞬时扰乱事件与一系列生物功能相关,包括细胞间通讯和细胞内信号传导。因此,PM的小叶间脂质分布的调节是一个广泛重要的,但未得到充分重视的细胞过程与关键的生理和结构的后果。在这里,我们汇编了越来越多的证据,揭示了PM不对称性和瞬时损失的多方面的功能作用。我们讨论了PM结构,生物物理特性和叶间耦合的可逆不对称性的后续后果。我们认为,尽管膜不对称性的广泛方面的广泛认可,其在细胞生物学中的重要性,需要更深入的调查,其功能,调节,以及生理和病理的影响。
Maintenance of lipid asymmetry across the two leaflets of the plasma membrane (PM) bilayer is a ubiquitous feature of eukaryotic cells. Loss of this asymmetry has been widely associated with cell death. However, increasing evidence points to the physiological importance of non-apoptotic, transient changes in PM asymmetry. Such transient scrambling events are associated with a range of biological functions, including intercellular communication and intracellular signaling. Thus, regulation of the PM’s interleaflet lipid distribution is a broadly important but underappreciated cellular process with key physiological and structural consequences. Here, we compile the mounting evidence revealing multifaceted, functional roles of PM asymmetry and transient loss thereof. We discuss the ensuing consequences of reversible asymmetry on PM structure, biophysical properties, and interleaflet coupling. We argue that despite widespread recognition of broad aspects of membrane asymmetry, its importance in cell biology demands more in-depth investigation of its features, regulation, as well as physiological and pathological implications.
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