Association between participation in the government subsidy programme for domestic travel and symptoms indicative of COVID-19 infection in Japan: cross-sectional study.
Association between participation in the government subsidy programme for domestic travel and symptoms indicative of COVID-19 infection in Japan: cross-sectional study.
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DOI：
10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049069
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发表时间：
2021-04-13
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Tsugawa Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Miyawaki A;Tabuchi T;Tomata Y;Tsugawa Y
旨在调查 2020 年 7 月 22 日在日本全国推行的政府国内旅行补贴（补贴高达所有旅行费用的 50%）与 COVID-19 感染症状发生率之间的关联。全国代表性调查数据的横断面分析。 2020年8月25日至9月30日在日本进行的互联网调查。抽样权重用于计算国家估计值。 25 482 名调查受访者（50.3% (12 809) 为女性；平均 (SD) 年龄为 48.8 (17.4) 岁）。调整个人特征和都道府县固定效应（有效比较居住在同一都道府县的个人）后，调查过去一个月内，表明感染了 COVID-19 的五种症状（高烧、喉咙痛、咳嗽、头痛、嗅觉和味觉障碍）的发生率。截至调查时，有 3289 人（12.9%）参与了补贴计划。在调整潜在的混杂因素后，我们发现补贴计划的参与者表现出更高的高烧发生率（调整后的比率，参与者为4.7%，非参与者为3.7%；调整后OR (aOR) 1.83；95% CI 1.34至2.48；p<0.001）、咽喉痛（19.8% vs 11.3%；aOR 2.09；aOR 2.09）。 95% CI 1.37 至 3.19； p=0.002）、咳嗽（19.0% vs 11.3%；aOR 1.96；95% CI 1.26 至 3.01；p=0.008）、头痛（29.2% vs 25.5%；aOR 1.24；95% CI 1.08 至 1.44；p=0.006）以及嗅觉和味觉障碍（2.6% vs 1.8%；aOR 1.98；95% CI 1.15 至 3.40； p=0.01）与非参与者相比。这些发现在质量上并未受到对 17 项预防措施（例如保持社交距离、戴口罩和洗手）的额外调整以及对 COVID-19 感染的恐惧的影响。参与政府国内旅行补贴计划与出现 COVID-19 感染症状的可能性较高有关。
To investigate the association between participation in government subsidies for domestic travel (subsidise up to 50% of all travel expenses) introduced nationally in Japan on 22 July 2020 and the incidence of symptoms indicative of COVID-19 infections. Cross-sectional analysis of nationally representative survey data. Internet survey conducted between 25 August and 30 September 2020 in Japan. Sampling weights were used to calculate national estimates. 25 482 survey respondents (50.3% (12 809) women; mean (SD) age, 48.8 (17.4) years). Incidence rate of five symptoms indicative of the COVID-19 infection (high fever, sore throat, cough, headache, and smell and taste disorder) within the past month of the survey, after adjustment for characteristics of individuals and prefecture fixed effects (effectively comparing individuals living in the same prefecture). At the time of the survey, 3289 (12.9%) participated in the subsidy programme. After adjusting for potential confounders, we found that participants in the subsidy programme exhibited higher incidence of high fever (adjusted rate, 4.7% for participants vs 3.7% for non-participants; adjusted OR (aOR) 1.83; 95% CI 1.34 to 2.48; p<0.001), sore throat (19.8% vs 11.3%; aOR 2.09; 95% CI 1.37 to 3.19; p=0.002), cough (19.0% vs 11.3%; aOR 1.96; 95% CI 1.26 to 3.01; p=0.008), headache (29.2% vs 25.5%; aOR 1.24; 95% CI 1.08 to 1.44; p=0.006) and smell and taste disorder (2.6% vs 1.8%; aOR 1.98; 95% CI 1.15 to 3.40; p=0.01) compared with non-participants. These findings remained qualitatively unaffected by additional adjustment for the use of 17 preventative measures (eg, social distancing, wearing masks and handwashing) and fear against the COVID-19 infection. The participation of the government subsidy programme for domestic travel was associated with a higher probability of exhibiting symptoms indicative of the COVID-19 infection.
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