Generation of early Archaean felsic greenstone volcanic rocks through crustal melting in the Kaapvaal, craton, southern Africa

Generation of early Archaean felsic greenstone volcanic rocks through crustal melting in the Kaapvaal, craton, southern Africa
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南部非洲克拉通 Kaapvaal 地壳融化形成早期太古宙长英质绿岩火山岩

DOI:
10.1016/j.epsl.2013.08.029
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发表时间:
2013
影响因子:
5.3
通讯作者:
Liu D.
Liu D.
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kröner;Hoffmann;Münker;Hegner;Liu D.

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在南非和斯威士兰的巴伯顿绿岩带的早白垩世绿岩序列中,高钾长英质火山岩与玄武岩和科马提岩互层,以前被认为是来自镁铁质前体的熔融,现在被证明是明显较老的长英质地壳熔融的结果。结合锆石SHRIMP定年、锆石中Hf和全岩Lu-Hf、Sm-Nd同位素数据,证明了这一点。来自最古老的巴伯顿单元(3.53 Ga Theespruit组)长英质岩石的锆石主要产生负的ε Hf(t)值,而全岩ε Hf(t)和ε Nd(t)数据为略负至略正。对于CA获得了类似的结果。3.45在绿岩地层中较高的Hoeggenoog和Noisy地层中的Ga长英质岩石。这些数据排除了长英质单位的玄武岩前体熔融的推导,有利于地壳来源,最有可能的TTG组成。同位素数据与巴伯顿绿岩序列的完全海洋起源并不一致,而是支持火山岩下的前绿岩基底。始新世至古太古代下地壳的地壳熔融可能产生长英质火山岩,并可能是卡普瓦尔克拉通逐渐稳定的原因。
High-potassium felsic volcanic rocks interlayered with basalt and komatiite in early Archaean greenstone sequences in the Barberton Greenstone Belt of South Africa and Swaziland, previously considered to be derived from melting of mafic precursors, are shown to be the result of melting of significantly older felsic crust. This is documented by a combination of SHRIMP zircon dating with Hf-in-zircon and whole-rock Lu–Hf and Sm–Nd isotopic data. Zircons from felsic rocks of the oldest Barberton unit, the 3.53 Ga Theespruit Formation, yielded predominantly negative ε Hf (t)-values, whereas whole-rock ε Hf (t)-and ε Nd (t)-data are slightly negative to slightly positive. Similar results were obtained for ca. 3.45 Ga felsic rocks in the Hoeggenoog and Noisy Formations higher up in the greenstone stratigraphy. These data rule out derivation of the felsic units from melting of basaltic precursors and favor a crustal source, most likely of TTG composition. The isotopic data are not compatible with an entirely oceanic origin of the Barberton greenstone sequences and favor a pre-greenstone basement beneath the volcanic rocks. Crustal melting of Eo-to Paleoarchaean lower crust probably generated the felsic volcanic rocks and is likely to have been responsible for gradual stabilization of the Kaapvaal craton.
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