Age differences in energy absorption in the upper extremity during a descent movement: implications for arresting a fall.
Age differences in energy absorption in the upper extremity during a descent movement: implications for arresting a fall.
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下降运动过程中上肢能量吸收的年龄差异：对防止跌倒的影响。
DOI：
10.1093/gerona/glp153
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Robinovitch,StephenN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sran,MeenaM;Stotz,PaulaJ;Normandin,SarahC;Robinovitch,StephenN
背景跌倒是老年人意外伤害的首要原因。伸出手“阻止跌倒”的保护反应通常对于避免臀部和头部受伤至关重要。在这项研究中，我们比较了年轻和年长女性在张开双臂时吸收跌倒冲击能量的能力。 方法 20 名年轻女性（平均年龄 = 21 岁）和 20 名年长女性（平均年龄 = 78 岁）被指示慢慢降低体重，类似于俯卧撑的下降阶段，身体倾斜角度从 15° 到 90°。测量上肢能量吸收峰值、手臂偏转和手部接触力。结果平均而言，老年女性优势手臂吸收的能量比年轻女性少 45%（体重 × 身高的 1.7 ± 0.5% vs 3.1 ± 0.4%；p< .001）。这些结果表明，即使双臂参与程度相同，向前跌倒的平均能量含量也比老年参与者能吸收的平均能量高出 5 倍，比年轻参与者能吸收的平均能量高出 2.7 倍。 结论 在模拟防坠落的下降动作中，老年女性上肢的能量吸收能力几乎是年轻女性的一半。即使对于健康的年轻女性来说，吸收上肢跌倒时的全部能量也是一项艰巨的任务。加强上肢肌肉应该可以增强这种能力，并可能降低跌倒时臀部和头部受伤的风险。
BackgroundFalls are the number one cause of unintentional injury in older adults. The protective response of “breaking the fall” with the outstretched hand is often essential for avoiding injury to the hip and head. In this study, we compared the ability of young and older women to absorb the impact energy of a fall in the outstretched arms.MethodsTwenty young (mean age = 21 years) and 20 older (M= 78 years) women were instructed to slowly lower their body weight, similar to the descent phase of a push-up, from body lean angles ranging from 15° to 90°. Measures were acquired of peak upper extremity energy absorption, arm deflection, and hand contact force.ResultsOn average, older women were able to absorb 45% less energy in the dominant arm than young women (1.7 ± 0.5% vs 3.1 ± 0.4% of their body weight × body height;p< .001). These results suggest that, even when both arms participate equally, the average energy content of a forward fall exceeds by 5-fold the average energy that our older participants could absorb and exceeds by 2.7-fold the average energy that young participants could absorb.ConclusionsDuring a descent movement that simulates fall arrest, the energy-absorbing capacity of the upper extremities in older women is nearly half that of young women. Absorbing the full energy of a fall in the upper extremities is a challenging task even for healthy young women. Strengthening of upper extremity muscles should enhance this ability and presumably reduce the risk for injury to the hip and head during a fall.
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DOI：
10.1115/1.1531112
发表时间：
2003-02-01
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Thelen, DG
通讯作者：
Thelen, DG
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Chiu, J;Robinovitch, SN
通讯作者：
Robinovitch, SN
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Bouras, Triantafyllos;Stranjalis, George;Sakas, Damianos E.
通讯作者：
Sakas, Damianos E.
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Feldman, Fablo;Robinovitch, Stephen N.
通讯作者：
Robinovitch, Stephen N.
物理治疗和骨质疏松症：实践行为和临床医生的看法——一项调查。
影响因子：
--
作者：
M. Sran;K. Khan
通讯作者：
K. Khan