Generation and repair of AID-initiated DNA lesions in B lymphocytes.

Generation and repair of AID-initiated DNA lesions in B lymphocytes.
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DOI:
10.1007/s11684-014-0324-4
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发表时间:
2014-06
影响因子:
8.1
通讯作者:
Wang, Jing H.
Wang, Jing H.
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chen, Zhangguo;Wang, Jing H.

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活化诱导的脱氨酶(AID)启动B淋巴细胞中的二抗多样化过程。在哺乳动物B细胞中,这一过程包括体细胞超突变(SHM)和类别转换重组(CSR),两者都需要AID。AID诱导DNA中的U:G错配损伤,其随后在SHM/CSR期间转化为点突变或DNA双链断裂。在生理学背景下,AID靶向免疫球蛋白(IG)基因座以介导SHM/CSR。然而,最近的研究表明,全基因组范围内的艾滋病进入许多非免疫球蛋白基因座。因此,如果艾滋病引发的DNA损伤不能被适当修复,艾滋病对B细胞的基因组构成威胁。在这篇综述中,我们专注于调节艾滋病靶向的特异性和负责处理艾滋病引发的DNA损伤的修复途径的分子机制。
Activation-induced deaminase (AID) initiates the secondary antibody diversification process in B lymphocytes. In mammalian B cells, this process includes somatic hypermutation (SHM) and class switch recombination (CSR), both of which require AID. AID induces U:G mismatch lesions in DNA that are subsequently converted into point mutations or DNA double stranded breaks during SHM/CSR. In a physiological context, AID targets immunoglobulin (Ig) loci to mediate SHM/CSR. However, recent studies reveal genome-wide access of AID to numerous non-Ig loci. Thus, AID poses a threat to the genome of B cells if AID-initiated DNA lesions cannot be properly repaired. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms that regulate the specificity of AID targeting and the repair pathways responsible for processing AID-initiated DNA lesions.
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