Control of cell growth: Rag GTPases in activation of TORC1

Control of cell growth: Rag GTPases in activation of TORC1
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细胞生长的控制:Rag GTPases 激活 TORC1

DOI:
10.1007/s00018-012-1195-y
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发表时间:
2012-12
影响因子:
8
通讯作者:
Xu, Yanhui
Xu, Yanhui
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Yang, Huirong;Gong, Rui;Xu, Yanhui

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雷帕霉素 (TOR) 的靶点是控制细胞生长的中央调节因子。 TOR 从酵母到哺乳动物都高度保守,并且在人类癌症和糖尿病中失调。 TOR 复合物 1 (TORC1) 整合来自生长因子、细胞能量状态、应激和氨基酸的信号来控制细胞生长、线粒体代谢和脂质生物合成。生长因子和细胞能量状态调节TORC1的机制已经很明确,而氨基酸诱导TORC1的机制仍然很大程度上未知。最近的研究表明,Rag GTPases 在调节 TORC1 响应氨基酸的激活中发挥着核心作用。在这篇综述中,我们将讨论我们对 Rag GTPase 调节的 TORC1 响应氨基酸激活的理解的最新进展。我们将特别关注 Rag GTPases 在 TORC1 激活中的功能以及 Rag GTPases 如何受氨基酸调节。
The target of rapamycin (TOR) is a central regulator controlling cell growth. TOR is highly conserved from yeast to mammals, and is deregulated in human cancers and diabetes. TOR complex 1 (TORC1) integrates signals from growth factors, cellular energy status, stress, and amino acids to control cell growth, mitochondrial metabolism, and lipid biosynthesis. The mechanisms of growth factors and cellular energy status in regulating TORC1 have been well established, whereas the mechanism by which amino acid induces TORC1 remains largely unknown. Recent studies revealed that Rag GTPases play a central role in the regulation of TORC1 activation in response to amino acids. In this review, we will discuss the recent progress in our understanding of Rag GTPase-regulated TORC1 activation in response to amino acids. Particular focus will be given to the function of Rag GTPases in TORC1 activation and how Rag GTPases are regulated by amino acids.
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