The Implications of Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue on Inflammaging.
The Implications of Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue on Inflammaging.
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DOI：
10.3389/fendo.2022.853765
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Qiang L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aaron N;Costa S;Rosen CJ;Qiang L
骨髓脂肪组织（BMAT）曾经被认为是骨腔的惰性填充物，现在则被视为一种具有代谢活性的器官，在内分泌功能、造血、骨稳态和代谢以及潜在的能量守恒方面发挥着多种作用。虽然对BMAT的调节机制了解不足，但它被认为是一种独特且动态的脂肪库，与外周脂肪不同。随着年龄的增长，骨髓脂肪细胞（BMAds）在整个骨髓（BM）环境中积累，从而影响微环境。可以想象，这一过程是由脂肪细胞衍生因子（包括促炎细胞因子和脂肪因子）的分泌所发出的信号。脂肪因子参与了慢性低度全身性炎症（炎性衰老）状态的发展，这种炎症引发免疫系统发生变化，其特点是准确性和效率下降，并导致促炎和抗炎网络之间的失衡。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了BMAT对骨稳态和造血微环境的局部影响、与BMAT积累相关的年龄相关炎症变化，以及对内分泌功能、能量消耗和代谢的下游影响。此外，我们还探讨了在衰老过程中防止BMAT积累及相关功能障碍的治疗策略。总之，BMAT正在成为衰老过程中的一个关键因素，其明确的特征仍需进一步研究。
Once considered an inert filler of the bone cavity, bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) is now regarded as a metabolically active organ that plays versatile roles in endocrine function, hematopoiesis, bone homeostasis and metabolism, and, potentially, energy conservation. While the regulation of BMAT is inadequately understood, it is recognized as a unique and dynamic fat depot that is distinct from peripheral fat. As we age, bone marrow adipocytes (BMAds) accumulate throughout the bone marrow (BM) milieu to influence the microenvironment. This process is conceivably signaled by the secretion of adipocyte-derived factors including pro-inflammatory cytokines and adipokines. Adipokines participate in the development of a chronic state of low-grade systemic inflammation (inflammaging), which trigger changes in the immune system that are characterized by declining fidelity and efficiency and cause an imbalance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory networks. In this review, we discuss the local effects of BMAT on bone homeostasis and the hematopoietic niche, age-related inflammatory changes associated with BMAT accrual, and the downstream effect on endocrine function, energy expenditure, and metabolism. Furthermore, we address therapeutic strategies to prevent BMAT accumulation and associated dysfunction during aging. In sum, BMAT is emerging as a critical player in aging and its explicit characterization still requires further research.
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