Strategy-dependent effects of reflecting on self and tasks: Some implications of optimism and defensive pessimism.
Strategy-dependent effects of reflecting on self and tasks: Some implications of optimism and defensive pessimism.
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反思自我和任务的策略依赖效应：乐观主义和防御性悲观主义的一些含义。
DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.65.4.822
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发表时间：
1993
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
K. Illingworth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Norem;K. Illingworth
两项研究调查了一种假设，即使用防御性悲观认知策略的人，当被允许玩弄可能的结果并反思自己的进步时，会表现得更好，感觉更好。相比之下，使用乐观策略的人在被鼓励或被要求反思自己和目标时，表现会更差，感觉更糟。一项实验室实验和一项使用经验抽样方法论(ESM)的研究揭示了自我报告情绪、任务评估和朝着目标的进展、客观表现和生理测量的这种模式，尽管这种交互作用并不总是在统计上显著
Two studies investigated the hypothesis that individuals using the cognitive strategy of defensive pessimism will perform better and feel better when allowed to play through possible outcomes and reflect on their progress. In contrast, individuals using an optimistic strategy will perform more poorly and feel worse when they are encouraged or required to reflect on themselves and their goals. A laboratory experiment and a study using experience-sampling methodology (ESM) revealed this pattern for self-reported mood, appraisal of tasks, and progress toward goals; objective performance; and a physiological measure, though the interaction was not always statistically significant
考虑即将发生的事件的积极或消极可能性的动机和情感后果。
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Showers,C
通讯作者：
Showers,C
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
M. Scheier;K. Matthews;J. Owens;GJ Magovern;R. Lefebvre;RA Abbott;C. Carver
通讯作者：
M. Scheier;K. Matthews;J. Owens;GJ Magovern;R. Lefebvre;RA Abbott;C. Carver