Endothelial Transcytosis in Acute Lung Injury: Emerging Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches.
Endothelial Transcytosis in Acute Lung Injury: Emerging Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches.
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急性肺损伤中的内皮细胞转胞吞作用：新出现的机制与治疗方法
DOI：
10.3389/fphys.2022.828093
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Minshall, Richard D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jones, Joshua H.;Minshall, Richard D.
急性肺损伤(ALI)的特征是广泛的炎症，其严重形式是急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)，导致呼吸障碍，导致大量患者低氧血症和死亡。内皮屏障完整性丧失、肺细胞坏死和循环白细胞重新聚集到受损肺是公认的促进ALI/ARDS进展的机制。此外，革兰氏阴性和阳性细菌或病毒(如大肠杆菌、SARS-CoV-2)对肺微血管的破坏会导致蛋白质和液体通透性增加，间质水肿，进一步损害肺功能。虽然大部分血管渗漏是由于内皮间连接完整性的丧失，但动物模型的研究表明，蛋白质通过血管内皮细胞通过空泡小泡运输，即跨细胞作用，发生在ALI/ARDS的早期阶段。在这里，我们讨论跨细胞作用在健康和受损的内皮细胞中的作用，并重点介绍最近的研究，这些研究有助于我们理解ALI/ARDS过程。我们还介绍了利用腔泡运输将治疗药物输送到肺部的潜在方法，这可能会防止进一步的损伤或改善恢复。
Acute Lung Injury (ALI) is characterized by widespread inflammation which in its severe form, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), leads to compromise in respiration causing hypoxemia and death in a substantial number of affected individuals. Loss of endothelial barrier integrity, pneumocyte necrosis, and circulating leukocyte recruitment into the injured lung are recognized mechanisms that contribute to the progression of ALI/ARDS. Additionally, damage to the pulmonary microvasculature by Gram-negative and positive bacteria or viruses (e.g., Escherichia coli, SARS-Cov-2) leads to increased protein and fluid permeability and interstitial edema, further impairing lung function. While most of the vascular leakage is attributed to loss of inter-endothelial junctional integrity, studies in animal models suggest that transendothelial transport of protein through caveolar vesicles, known as transcytosis, occurs in the early phase of ALI/ARDS. Here, we discuss the role of transcytosis in healthy and injured endothelium and highlight recent studies that have contributed to our understanding of the process during ALI/ARDS. We also cover potential approaches that utilize caveolar transport to deliver therapeutics to the lungs which may prevent further injury or improve recovery.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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DOI：
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影响因子：
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