Viscophobic turning dictates microalgae transport in viscosity gradients
Viscophobic turning dictates microalgae transport in viscosity gradients
复制标题
疏粘转向决定了微藻在粘度梯度中的运输
DOI：
10.1038/s41567-021-01247-7
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
19.6
通讯作者：
Guasto, Jeffrey S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stehnach, Michael R.;Waisbord, Nicolas;Walkama, Derek M.;Guasto, Jeffrey S.
从海洋生物和人体脏器的黏液层到生物膜，流体粘度梯度表征微生物组。尽管这样的环境被广泛认为具有对病原体的保护作用和影响细胞运动的能力，但在粘度梯度中调节细胞运输的物理机制仍然难以捉摸，-主要是由于缺乏定量观察。通过微流控实验，我们直接观察了模型双鞭毛微藻（Chlamydomonas reinhardtii）在可控粘度梯度下的输运。我们表明，尽管它们在局部降低了游动速度，但在粘性区域的预期细胞积聚被疏粘转向运动所抑制。这种确定性的细胞旋转——与鞭毛推力不平衡一致——使游泳者沿着梯度重新定向，导致它们在足够强的梯度下聚集在低粘度区。通过Langevin模拟和细胞推进的三点力模型的证实，我们的研究结果说明了疏粘转向和粘性减速之间的竞争最终决定了粘度梯度中种群规模微生物运输的命运。
Gradients in fluid viscosity characterize microbiomes ranging from mucus layers on marine organisms and human viscera,to biofilms. Although such environments are widely recognized for their protective effects against pathogens and their ability to influence cell motility,, the physical mechanisms regulating cell transport in viscosity gradients remain elusive, –, primarily due to a lack of quantitative observations. Through microfluidic experiments, we directly observe the transport of model biflagellated microalgae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii) in controlled viscosity gradients. We show that despite their locally reduced swimming speed, the expected cell accumulation in the viscous region,is stifled by a viscophobic turning motility. This deterministic cell rotation—consistent with a flagellar thrust imbalance,—reorients the swimmers down the gradient, causing their accumulation in the low-viscosity zones for sufficiently strong gradients. Corroborated by Langevin simulations and a three-point force model of cell propulsion, our results illustrate how the competition between viscophobic turning and viscous slowdown ultimately dictates the fate of population-scale microbial transport in viscosity gradients.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2011389118
发表时间：
2021-01-05
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Guadayol Ò;Mendonca T;Segura-Noguera M;Wright AJ;Tassieri M;Humphries S
通讯作者：
Humphries S
使用为脊椎动物应用设计的技术测量珊瑚礁中的粘液厚度
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Amita A. Jatkar;B. Brown;J. Bythell;Reia Guppy;N. Morris;Jeffery P. Pearson
通讯作者：
Jeffery P. Pearson
绿藻作为生物流体动力学的模型生物。
影响因子：
27.7
作者：
Goldstein RE
通讯作者：
Goldstein RE
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Michael R. Kuchka;Jonathan W. Jarvik
通讯作者：
Michael R. Kuchka;Jonathan W. Jarvik
影响因子：
7.7
作者：
Frangipane G;Dell'Arciprete D;Petracchini S;Maggi C;Saglimbeni F;Bianchi S;Vizsnyiczai G;Bernardini ML;Di Leonardo R
通讯作者：
Di Leonardo R