DiReCT: Disaster Response Coordination with Trusted Volunteers

DiReCT: Disaster Response Coordination with Trusted Volunteers
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DiReCT:与值得信赖的志愿者进行灾难响应协调

DOI:
10.1109/ict-dm47966.2019.9032915
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
2019 International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies for Disaster Management (ICT-DM
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Ramakrishnan, K. K.
Ramakrishnan, K. K.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jahanian, Mohammad;Hasegawa, Toru;Kawabe, Yoshinobu;Koizumi, Yuki;Magdy, Amr;Nishigaki, Masakatsu;Ohki, Tetsushi;Ramakrishnan, K. K.

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在灾害管理中,及时向正确的人提供正确的信息可以改善结果并挽救生命。由于第一反应人员较少,志愿人员在灾害援助中发挥着越来越大的作用。一个将受害者、志愿者和第一反应者聚集在一起及时提供灾难援助的沟通框架可能非常有用。最近对多起事件的观察表明,人们在灾害情况下广泛使用社交媒体进行沟通。本文提出了一个以值得信赖的方式利用志愿者协调灾害响应的框架。DireCT将社交媒体与以信息为中心的传播相结合,以帮助与灾害相关的沟通。为了实现有效的传播,我们利用一个动态的名称空间,捕捉复杂的事件管理的组织参与者的角色之间的关系,除了时间和位置。DireCT架构促进了内容检索和基于遵从性的发布/订阅。用户,特别是普通公民和志愿者,可能无法访问完整的事件管理命名空间。我们提出了一个社交媒体引擎,使用自然语言处理和机器学习将社交媒体帖子智能地映射到正确的名称,以将社交媒体帖子引导到可能最适合帮助解决发布问题的适当的第一响应者。管理志愿者的信任对于确保只有可信的职位才能到达正确的人至关重要。我们使用基于声誉的信任模型,用于指导内容和用户的可信度的授权,管理和评估。初步评估结果表明,所提出的基于社交媒体和信任管理的解决方案是有效的。
In disaster management, timely delivery of the right information to the right people can improve outcomes and save lives. With fewer first responders available, volunteers play an increasing role in disaster assistance. A communication framework that brings victims, volunteers, and first responders together for timely disaster assistance can be incredibly helpful. Recent observations, across multiple incidents, have shown that people extensively use social media for communicating in disaster situations. This paper proposes DiReCT, a framework for coordination of disaster response leveraging volunteers in a trustworthy fashion. DiReCT integrates social media with Information-Centric dissemination to help in disaster-related communications. To enable efficient dissemination, we exploit a dynamic namespace that captures the complex incident-management's organizational relationships among participants' roles, in addition to time and location. The DiReCT architecture facilitates both content retrieval and recipient-based publish/subscribe. Users, especially regular citizens and volunteers, may not have access to the full incident-management namespace. We propose a social media engine to intelligently map social media posts to the right name(s), using Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning, to steer social media posts towards appropriate first responder(s) that may be most appropriate in helping with the issue posted. Managing volunteers' trust is crucial to ensure only credible posts get to the right people. We use a reputation-based trust model, that is used to guide the authorization, management and evaluation of trustworthiness of content and users. Preliminary evaluation results show the proposed social media and trust management-based solution can be effective.
以信息为中心的网络在灾难场景中实现通信的好处
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