Murine norovirus virulence factor 1 (VF1) protein contributes to viral fitness during persistent infection.

Murine norovirus virulence factor 1 (VF1) protein contributes to viral fitness during persistent infection.
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鼠诺如病毒毒力因子1(VF 1)蛋白有助于持续感染期间的病毒适应性。

DOI:
10.1099/jgv.0.001651
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发表时间:
2021-09
期刊:
The Journal of general virology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Goodfellow IG
Goodfellow IG
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Borg C;Jahun AS;Thorne L;Sorgeloos F;Bailey D;Goodfellow IG

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鼠诺如病毒(MNV)被广泛用作研究诺如病毒生物学的模型。虽然MNV分离株的发病机制各不相同,但免疫活性小鼠的感染大多导致持续感染。病毒建立持续感染的能力取决于其破坏或避免宿主免疫反应的能力。在此之前,我们描述了MNV毒力因子1(VF 1)的鉴定和表征,并证明了其作为先天免疫拮抗剂的作用。在这里,我们探讨的作用,在持续的MNV感染的免疫活性主机的VF 1。使用反向遗传学,我们产生了携带一个或三个终止密码子插入VF 1 ORF的MNV-3病毒。在组织培养中,VF 1缺失的MNV-3复制到与野生型病毒相当的水平。MNV-3和急性MNV-1毒株之间的比较研究表明,MNV-3 VF 1发挥与MNV-1 VF 1相同的功能,但效力降低。在感染的急性期,用VF 1缺失的MNV-3感染的C57 BL/6小鼠表现出显著降低的复制动力学,但在VF 1表达的表型恢复后,病毒载量迅速达到用野生型病毒感染的小鼠中观察到的水平。感染的MNV-3突变体,有三个终止密码子插入到VF 1,其中逆转被抑制,导致在整个3个月的持续感染小鼠的复制持续降低,这表明VF 1在体内的病毒适应性的作用。我们的研究结果表明,由MNV的持久株表达的VF 1也具有拮抗对感染的先天反应的功能。我们发现,VF 1不是病毒持久性所必需的,而是有助于病毒在小鼠中的适应性。这些数据符合以下假设:诺如病毒利用多种机制来避免和/或控制宿主对感染的反应,而VF 1只是其中的一个组分。
Murine norovirus (MNV) is widely used as a model for studying norovirus biology. While MNV isolates vary in their pathogenesis, infection of immunocompetent mice mostly results in persistent infection. The ability of a virus to establish a persistent infection is dependent on its ability to subvert or avoid the host immune response. Previously, we described the identification and characterization of virulence factor 1 (VF1) in MNV, and demonstrated its role as an innate immune antagonist. Here, we explore the role of VF1 during persistent MNV infection in an immunocompetent host. Using reverse genetics, we generated MNV-3 viruses carrying a single or a triple termination codon inserted in the VF1 ORF. VF1-deleted MNV-3 replicated to comparable levels to the wildtype virus in tissue culture. Comparative studies between MNV-3 and an acute MNV-1 strain show that MNV-3 VF1 exerts the same functions as MNV-1 VF1, but with reduced potency. C57BL/6 mice infected with VF1-deleted MNV-3 showed significantly reduced replication kinetics during the acute phase of the infection, but viral loads rapidly reached the levels seen in mice infected with wildtype virus after phenotypic restoration of VF1 expression. Infection with an MNV-3 mutant that had three termination codons inserted into VF1, in which reversion was suppressed, resulted in consistently lower replication throughout a 3 month persistent infection in mice, suggesting a role for VF1 in viral fitness in vivo. Our results indicate that VF1 expressed by a persistent strain of MNV also functions to antagonize the innate response to infection. We found that VF1 is not essential for viral persistence, but instead contributes to viral fitness in mice. These data fit with the hypothesis that noroviruses utilize multiple mechanisms to avoid and/or control the host response to infection and that VF1 is just one component of this.
法匹拉韦在病毒体内复制过程中引发抗病毒突变。
DOI: 10.7554/elife.03679
发表时间: 2014-10-21
期刊: eLife
影响因子: 7.7
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影响因子: 30.3
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Karst, SM;Wobus, CE;Virgin, HW
通讯作者: Virgin, HW
DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2017.10.010
发表时间: 2018-06
影响因子: 15.9
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Nice TJ;Robinson BA;Van Winkle JA
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基于细胞的荧光共振能量转移(FRET)传感器揭示了诺如病毒蛋白酶活性和多蛋白裂解中的细胞间和细胞内变化。
DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.688234
发表时间: 2015-11-13
期刊: The Journal of biological chemistry
影响因子: --
作者:
Emmott E;Sweeney TR;Goodfellow I
通讯作者: Goodfellow I