The effect of preterm birth on thalamic and cortical development.
The effect of preterm birth on thalamic and cortical development.
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DOI：
10.1093/cercor/bhr176
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发表时间：
2012-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Counsell SJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ball G;Boardman JP;Rueckert D;Aljabar P;Arichi T;Merchant N;Gousias IS;Edwards AD;Counsell SJ
早产是儿童认知障碍的主要原因，并与大脑灰质和白质异常有关。使用多模式图像分析，我们检验了丘脑发育改变是早产儿脑损伤的重要组成部分，并与其他宏观和微观结构改变相关的假设。对71例足月同龄早产儿进行了T1、T2加权磁共振成像和15方向扩散张量成像。基于形变的形态测量学、基于轨迹的空间统计学和组织分割相结合，非主观的全脑调查早产对局部组织体积和微结构的影响。早产儿增多与丘脑、海马体、眶前叶、后扣带回皮质和半卵圆中心的体积减少有关。在控制了早产儿后，丘脑体积的减少预示着：皮质体积减少；额叶和颞叶(包括海马体)体积减少，顶叶和枕叶体积减少(程度较小)；皮质脊髓束和胼胝体的各向异性分数减少。在丘脑中，体积减小与扩散率增加有关。这证明了早产对丘脑发育的显著影响，这与相关大脑结构的异常有关。这表明，早产会扰乱大脑发育的特定方面，如丘脑皮质系统。
Preterm birth is a leading cause of cognitive impairment in childhood and is associated with cerebral gray and white matter abnormalities. Using multimodal image analysis, we tested the hypothesis that altered thalamic development is an important component of preterm brain injury and is associated with other macro- and microstructural alterations. T1- and T2-weighted magnetic resonance images and 15-direction diffusion tensor images were acquired from 71 preterm infants at term-equivalent age. Deformation-based morphometry, Tract-Based Spatial Statistics, and tissue segmentation were combined for a nonsubjective whole-brain survey of the effect of prematurity on regional tissue volume and microstructure. Increasing prematurity was related to volume reduction in the thalamus, hippocampus, orbitofrontal lobe, posterior cingulate cortex, and centrum semiovale. After controlling for prematurity, reduced thalamic volume predicted: lower cortical volume; decreased volume in frontal and temporal lobes, including hippocampus, and to a lesser extent, parietal and occipital lobes; and reduced fractional anisotropy in the corticospinal tracts and corpus callosum. In the thalamus, reduced volume was associated with increased diffusivity. This demonstrates a significant effect of prematurity on thalamic development that is related to abnormalities in allied brain structures. This suggests that preterm delivery disrupts specific aspects of cerebral development, such as the thalamocortical system.
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