Development of Velopharyngeal Closure for Vocalization During the First 2 Years of Life.
Development of Velopharyngeal Closure for Vocalization During the First 2 Years of Life.
复制标题
生命最初 2 年中用于发声的腭咽闭合的发展。
DOI：
10.1044/2017_jslhr-s-17-0208
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hoit,JeannetteD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bunton,Kate;Hoit,JeannetteD
研究目的：婴幼儿的发声常为鼻音化，提示在出生后的最初几个月，前咽部是开放的。虽然声学和感知研究似乎支持这一观点，即大约4个月大的时候，喉嘴关闭发声，但一项空气动力学研究反驳了这一观点（Thom，Hoit，Hixon，& Smith，2006）。因此，目前进行的大规模调查，以确定何时关闭的语音生产的婴儿在其生命的第一个2年。（开放或封闭）在92名参与者的自发言语产生过程中（46名男性，46名女性）研究每月从4岁到24 months.ResultsThe upharynx被关闭在至少90%的话语由19个月，虽然有很大的变化，在参与者。当考虑的声音类别，后咽关闭从最多到最少经常在生产的口头obstruents，近音，元音（只有），声门obstruents。没有性别的影响observed.ConclusionVelopharyngeal关闭自发语音生产可以被认为是完整的19个月，但关闭发生更早的语音与更高的口腔压力的要求。
PurposeThe vocalizations of young infants often sound nasalized, suggesting that the velopharynx is open during the 1st few months of life. Whereas acoustic and perceptual studies seemed to support the idea that the velopharynx closes for vocalization by about 4 months of age, an aeromechanical study contradicted this (Thom, Hoit, Hixon, & Smith, 2006). Thus, the current large-scale investigation was undertaken to determine when the velopharynx closes for speech production by following infants during their first 2 years of life.MethodThis longitudinal study used nasal ram pressure to determine the status of the velopharynx (open or closed) during spontaneous speech production in 92 participants (46 male, 46 female) studied monthly from age 4 to 24 months.ResultsThe velopharynx was closed during at least 90% of the utterances by 19 months, though there was substantial variability across participants. When considered by sound category, the velopharynx was closed from most to least often during production of oral obstruents, approximants, vowels (only), and glottal obstruents. No sex effects were observed.ConclusionVelopharyngeal closure for spontaneous speech production can be considered complete by 19 months, but closure occurs earlier for speech sounds with higher oral pressure demands.
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