Rifaximin Reduces Markers of Inflammation and Bacterial 16S rRNA in Zambian Adults with Hepatosplenic Schistosomiasis: A Randomized Control Trial.

Rifaximin Reduces Markers of Inflammation and Bacterial 16S rRNA in Zambian Adults with Hepatosplenic Schistosomiasis: A Randomized Control Trial.
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DOI:
10.4269/ajtmh.17-0637
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发表时间:
2018-04
期刊:
The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Kelly P
Kelly P
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sinkala E;Zyambo K;Besa E;Kaonga P;Nsokolo B;Kayamba V;Vinikoor M;Zulu R;Bwalya M;Foster GR;Kelly P

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肝硬化是全球门静脉高压的主要原因,但在热带地区可能被肝脾血吸虫病 (HSS) 所掩盖。在赞比亚,血吸虫病流行地区血清阳性率可达88%。细菌易位 (BT) 会导致肝硬化门静脉高压,从而导致死亡,但在 HSS 中尚未得到探索。利福昔明是一种不可吸收的抗生素,可能会降低 BT。我们的目的是探讨利福昔明对 HSS BT、炎症和纤维化的影响。在这项 II 期开放标签试验 (ISRCTN67590499) 中,对赞比亚的 186 名 HSS 患者进行了评估,其中 85 名患者被随机分配接受使用或不使用利福昔明的标准治疗,为期 42 天。炎症、BT 和纤维化标志物的变化是主要结果。使用血浆 16S rRNA、脂多糖结合蛋白和脂多糖测量 BT,而使用透明质酸测量纤维化。肿瘤坏死因子受体 1 (TNFR1) 和可溶性分化簇 14 (sCD14) 评估炎症。利福昔明组的 16S rRNA 从基线(中位数 146 拷贝/μL,四分位数间距 [IQR] 9, 537)减少到第 42 天(中位数 63 拷贝/μL,IQR 12, 196),P < 0.01。利福昔明组中 sCD14 的升高(中位升高 122 ng/mL,IQR-184, 783)低于非利福昔明组(中位升高 832 ng/mL,IQR 530, 967)。利福昔明组中 TNFR1 降低 (P < 0.01)(中位数 -39 ng/mL IQR-306, 563),但非利福昔明组中 TNFR1 升高(中位数 166 ng/mL, IQR 3, 337)。其他标记不受影响。利福昔明导致炎症标志物和细菌 16S rRNA 减少,这可能表明 BT 与 HSS 炎症有关。
Cirrhosis is the dominant cause of portal hypertension globally but may be overshadowed by hepatosplenic schistosomiasis (HSS) in the tropics. In Zambia, schistosomiasis seroprevalence can reach 88% in endemic areas. Bacterial translocation (BT) drives portal hypertension in cirrhosis contributing to mortality but remains unexplored in HSS. Rifaximin, a non-absorbable antibiotic may reduce BT. We aimed to explore the influence of rifaximin on BT, inflammation, and fibrosis in HSS. In this phase II open-label trial (ISRCTN67590499), 186 patients with HSS in Zambia were evaluated and 85 were randomized to standard care with or without rifaximin for 42 days. Changes in markers of inflammation, BT, and fibrosis were the primary outcomes. BT was measured using plasma 16S rRNA, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, and lipopolysaccharide, whereas hyaluronan was used to measure fibrosis. Tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) and soluble cluster of differentiation 14 (sCD14) assessed inflammation. 16S rRNA reduced from baseline (median 146 copies/µL, interquartile range [IQR] 9, 537) to day 42 in the rifaximin group (median 63 copies/µL, IQR 12, 196), P < 0.01. The rise in sCD14 was lower (P < 0.01) in the rifaximin group (median rise 122 ng/mL, IQR-184, 783) than in the non-rifaximin group (median rise 832 ng/mL, IQR 530, 967). TNFR1 decreased (P < 0.01) in the rifaximin group (median -39 ng/mL IQR-306, 563) but increased in the non-rifaximin group (median 166 ng/mL, IQR 3, 337). Other markers remained unaffected. Rifaximin led to a reduction of inflammatory markers and bacterial 16S rRNA which may implicate BT in the inflammation in HSS.
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