Aid Allocation for Camp‐Based and Urban Refugees with Uncertain Demand and Replenishments

Aid Allocation for Camp‐Based and Urban Refugees with Uncertain Demand and Replenishments
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需求和补充不确定的难民营和城市难民的援助分配

DOI:
10.1111/poms.13531
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
5
通讯作者:
Kurbanzade, Ali Kaan
Kurbanzade, Ali Kaan
中科院分区:
管理学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Azizi, Shima;Bozkir, Cem Deniz;Trapp, Andrew C.;Kundakcioglu, O. Erhun;Kurbanzade, Ali Kaan

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全球有 2600 万难民寻求安全,免受迫害、暴力、冲突和侵犯人权行为。难民营难民是指在难民营寻求庇护的难民,而城市难民则居住在附近的周边人口中。由于管理方面的挑战、需求的不确定性和资金的波动性,向难民营提供援助的系统可能会出现分配效率低下的问题。援助分配的方式应适当平衡确保为难民营难民提供足够援助的需求,并能够与有时寻求附近难民营援助的城市难民分享多余的库存(如果有)。我们制定了一项库存管理政策,以管理难民营与城市难民人口分享援助的情况,因为难民营和城市的需求以及由于资金问题导致的补充周期存在不确定性。我们利用该政策来构建与以下相关的成本:(i)将城市人口转移到其他地方,(ii)剥夺难民营中的难民人口,以及(iii)在难民营系统中持有过多的库存。然后,我们寻求以最小化系统预期总体成本的方式分配援助。我们提出了两种方法来解决由此产生的优化问题,并在现实案例研究和合成数据上进行计算实验。我们的结果得到了广泛的模拟研究的补充,该研究揭示了对我们的最佳阈值和分配的广泛支持,以概括不同的关键参数和分布。最后,我们提出了相关讨论,揭示了不确定性下人道主义援助分配的关键管理见解。
There are 26 million refugees worldwide seeking safety from persecution, violence, conflict, and human rights violations.Camp‐basedrefugees are those that seek shelter in refugee camps, whereasurbanrefugees inhabit nearby, surrounding populations. The systems that supply aid to refugee camps may suffer from ineffective distribution due to challenges in administration, demand uncertainty and volatility in funding. Aid allocation should be carried out in a manner that properly balances the need of ensuring sufficient aid for camp‐based refugees, with the ability to share excess inventory, when available, with urban refugees that at times seek nearby camp‐based aid. We develop an inventory management policy to govern a camp's sharing of aid with urban refugee populations in the midst of uncertainties related to camp‐based and urban demands, and replenishment cycles due to funding issues. We use the policy to construct costs associated with: (i) referring urban populations elsewhere, (ii) depriving camp‐based refugee populations, and (iii) holding excess inventory in the refugee camp system. We then seek to allocate aid in a manner that minimizes the expected overall cost to the system. We propose two approaches to solve the resulting optimization problem, and conduct computational experiments on a real‐world case study as well as on synthetic data. Our results are complemented by an extensive simulation study that reveals broad support for our optimal thresholds and allocations to generalize across varied key parameters and distributions. We conclude by presenting related discussions that reveal key managerial insights into humanitarian aid allocation under uncertainty.
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