PM1 carbonaceous aerosols during winter in a typical valley city of western China: Vertical profiles and the key influencing factors
PM1 carbonaceous aerosols during winter in a typical valley city of western China: Vertical profiles and the key influencing factors
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西部典型河谷城市冬季PM1碳质气溶胶的垂直剖面及关键影响因素
DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.01.030
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发表时间：
2019-04
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Li Ping
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhao Suping;Yu Ye;Yin Daiying;Qin Dahe;Yu Zhousuo;Dong Longxiang;Yang Jiancai;Mao Zhuliang;He Jianjun;Li Ping
为了填补冬季碳质气溶胶垂直分布的空白，在中国西北部的典型河谷型城市兰州，利用高地形地貌，首次进行了从地面到620 m的有机碳和元素碳(OC、EC)的垂直测量。通过聚类分析和主成分分析，揭示了影响垂直分布的关键因子(气象和来源)。在近地面研究期间，OC和EC平均浓度分别为(16.2 ± 8.9)μg m−3和(5.1 ± 2.1)μg m−3。碳质气溶胶在白天的垂直分布比夜间更为均匀，OC(EC)的下降速率夜间为∼1.45(∼0.32)μg m−3100 m−1，白天为∼0.84(∼0.09)μg m−3100 m−1。通过聚类技术确定了三种不同类型的OC(EC)垂直剖面。近地表OC(33.7 ± 5.7 μg m−3)和EC(10.5 ± 7.7 μg m−3)浓度较高的星系团主要是由地面逆温引起的。逆温层深度每增加100μm，地表与山顶的OC(EC)差增加14.21(2.45) g m~3，冬季碳质气溶胶受近地面大气层结的影响更大，而山顶的垂直和水平扩散共同影响着冬季碳质气溶胶。燃煤或生物质燃烧在山顶取暖和近地面机动车辆的初级排放对有机碳(EC)的垂直分布也有重要影响。在兰州市区，燃煤和汽油车排放的碳质气溶胶占60%-70%。此外，由于人类活动的影响，白天近地表汽油车(∼20%)和山顶生物质燃烧(∼15%)的贡献较大。
To fill the blank on vertical profiles of carbonaceous aerosols during winter, the firstin situvertical measurements of organic and elemental carbon (OC, EC) from ground level to 620 m were conducted by means of high topographic relief in a typical valley city of Lanzhou, northwest China. The key factors (meteorology and sources) affecting the vertical distributions also were revealed by clustering technique and principal component analysis. Mean OC and EC concentrations were (16.2 ± 8.9) μg m−3and (5.1 ± 2.1) μg m−3during the study periods near the ground. More uniformly vertical distributions of carbonaceous aerosols during daytime than those during nighttime with OC (EC) decreasing rates of ∼1.45 (∼0.32) μg m−3100 m−1during nighttime and ∼0.84 (∼0.09) μg m−3100 m−1during daytime. Three distinct types of OC (EC) vertical profiles were determined by clustering technique. The cluster with high concentrations of OC (33.7 ± 5.7 μg m−3) and EC (10.5 ± 7.7 μg m−3) near the ground surface was induced largely by temperature inversion around the ground. The OC (EC) differences between the surface and the hilltop increased by 14.21 (2.45) μg m−3when inversion layer depth increased by 100 m. Winter carbonaceous aerosols were more significantly affected by atmospheric stratification near the ground, while those were impacted together by vertical and horizontal dispersions at the hilltop. The primary emissions from coal combustion or biomass burning for heating at the hilltop and motor vehicles near the ground also had an important effect on OC (EC) vertical profiles. The emissions from coal burning and gasoline vehicles accounted for 60%–70% of carbonaceous aerosols in urban areas of Lanzhou. Furthermore, the contributions of gasoline vehicles during daytime near the surface (∼20%) and biomass burning at the hilltop (∼15%) were larger due to the impact of human activities.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.05.058
发表时间：
2012-08
期刊：
The Science of the total environment
影响因子：
--
作者：
P. Safai;M. Prudhvi Raju;R. Maheshkumar;J. Kulkarni;P. Rao;P. Devara
通讯作者：
P. Safai;M. Prudhvi Raju;R. Maheshkumar;J. Kulkarni;P. Rao;P. Devara
源自塔克拉玛干和戈壁沙漠的两次对比沙尘事件期间的城市颗粒尺寸分布
影响因子：
8.9
作者：
Zhao Suping;Yu Ye;Xia Dunsheng;Yin Daiying;He Jianjun;Liu Na;Li Fang
通讯作者：
Li Fang
影响因子：
5
作者：
TURPIN, BJ;HUNTZICKER, JJ
通讯作者：
HUNTZICKER, JJ
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
S. Tiwari;U. Dumka;P. Hopke;P. Tunved;A. Srivastava;D. S. Bisht;R. Chakrabarty
通讯作者：
S. Tiwari;U. Dumka;P. Hopke;P. Tunved;A. Srivastava;D. S. Bisht;R. Chakrabarty
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Huang, Ru-Jin;Zhang, Yanlin;Prevot, Andre S. H.
通讯作者：
Prevot, Andre S. H.