Standing Variation and the Capacity for Change: Are Endocrine Phenotypes More Variable Than Other Traits?
Standing Variation and the Capacity for Change: Are Endocrine Phenotypes More Variable Than Other Traits?
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持续变异和变化能力：内分泌表型比其他性状更具变异性吗？
DOI：
10.1093/icb/icy062
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Fuxjager, Matthew J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Miles, Meredith C;Vitousek, Maren N;Husak, Jerry F;Johnson, Michele A;Martin, Lynn B;Taff, Conor C;Zimmer, Cedric;Lovern, Matthew B;Fuxjager, Matthew J
循环类固醇激素水平在个体内部和个体之间表现出很大的差异，导致一些人推测这些表型比其他形态、生理和行为特征更具可变性。这应该对类固醇信号系统的进化产生深远的影响，但很少有研究探讨内分泌变异与其他性状的比较或人群之间的差异。在这里，我们首先探讨了两种树燕（Tachycineta bicolor）群体的三种皮质酮（CORT）测量值（基线、应激诱导和地塞米松注射后）的变化与形态学（翅膀长度、质量）、生理学（活性氧代谢物浓度 [d-ROMs] 和抗氧化能力）和行为（供应率）等关键性状的变化进行比较，从而提供这样的分析。在控制了测量精度和个体内变异后，我们发现只有去糖后 CORT 比所有其他性状变化更大。基线和应激诱导的 CORT 都表现出比抗氧化能力和供给率更高的变化，但氧化代谢水平或翼长度没有变化。高纬度人群居住在难以预测的环境中，dex 后 CORT 和 d-ROM 的变异也有所增加。接下来，我们研究了这些模式如何在宏观进化尺度上发挥作用，评估了 17 种按蜥蜴的基线睾酮 (T) 和多种非内分泌特征（体长、质量、社交展示率和运动率）的变化模式。在宏观进化层面，我们发现循环T水平和社会展示输出率高于其他行为和形态特征。总而言之，我们的结果支持这样的观点：群体内类固醇水平的变异性很大，但并不特别高于定义动物表型的许多其他特征。因此，自由生活的动物中的循环类固醇水平应被视为在群体中个体与个体之间表现出相似水平变异性的特征。
Circulating steroid hormone levels exhibit high variation both within and between individuals, leading some to hypothesize that these phenotypes are more variable than other morphological, physiological, and behavioral traits. This should have profound implications for the evolution of steroid signaling systems, but few studies have examined how endocrine variation compares to that of other traits or differs among populations. Here we provide such an analysis by first exploring how variation in three measures of corticosterone (CORT)—baseline, stress-induced, and post-dexamethasone injection—compares to variation in key traits characterizing morphology (wing length, mass), physiology (reactive oxygen metabolite concentration [d-ROMs] and antioxidant capacity), and behavior (provisioning rate) in two populations of tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor). After controlling for measurement precision and within-individual variation, we found that only post-dex CORT was more variable than all other traits. Both baseline and stress-induced CORT exhibit higher variation than antioxidant capacity and provisioning rate, but not oxidative metabolite levels or wing length. Variation in post-dex CORT and d-ROMs was also elevated in the higher-latitude population in that inhabits a less predictable environment. We next studied how these patterns might play out on a macroevolutionary scale, assessing patterns of variation in baseline testosterone (T) and multiple non-endocrine traits (body length, mass, social display rate, and locomotion rate) across 17 species ofAnolislizards. At the macroevolutionary level, we found that circulating T levels and the rate of social display output are higher than other behavioral and morphological traits. Altogether, our results support the idea that within-population variability in steroid levels is substantial, but not exceptionally higher than many other traits that define animal phenotypes. As such, circulating steroid levels in free-living animals should be considered traits that exhibit similar levels of variability from individual to individual in a population.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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期刊：
影响因子：
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10.1098/rstb.2007.0012
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