Frontal lobe neurology and the creative mind.
Frontal lobe neurology and the creative mind.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00761
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Volle E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Souza LC;Guimarães HC;Teixeira AL;Caramelli P;Levy R;Dubois B;Volle E
认知神经科学的概念强烈表明，前额叶皮层（PFC）在创造性思维所需的认知功能中起着至关重要的作用。功能成像研究已经反复证明了前额叶皮层参与创造性任务。患者研究表明，由于局灶性病变或神经退行性疾病造成的额叶损伤与各种创造性任务的损害有关。然而，尽管困难重重，一系列临床观察报告了影响PFC的神经退行性疾病（如额颞叶痴呆症（FTD））患者的艺术创作。额叶疾病的创造力恶化将挑战控制和患者的神经影像学研究结果，以及前额叶功能在创造力过程中的理论作用。为了探索这一矛盾，我们报告了一名FTD患者的病史，该患者在疾病过程中表现出视觉艺术作品的出现。病人画了大量的画，这些画已经被一群对诊断一无所知的专业艺术家评估过了。我们还回顾了已发表的临床病例，这些病例报告了神经系统疾病患者艺术能力的变化。我们试图通过解决我们的评论提出的几个问题来使这些临床观察结果与之前的实验结果相一致。例如，额叶损伤后的认知、意动和情感变化在多大程度上可以解释艺术能力的变化？艺术的恶化真的反映了创造力的提高吗？这些考虑可能有助于澄清的地方，创造力，因为它已经被定义和认知神经科学探索艺术创作，并可能为未来的病变研究提供线索。
Concepts from cognitive neuroscience strongly suggest that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays a crucial role in the cognitive functions necessary for creative thinking. Functional imaging studies have repeatedly demonstrated the involvement of PFC in creativity tasks. Patient studies have demonstrated that frontal damage due to focal lesions or neurodegenerative diseases are associated with impairments in various creativity tasks. However, against all odds, a series of clinical observations has reported the facilitation of artistic production in patients with neurodegenerative diseases affecting PFC, such as frontotemporal dementia (FTD). An exacerbation of creativity in frontal diseases would challenge neuroimaging findings in controls and patients, as well as the theoretical role of prefrontal functions in creativity processes. To explore this paradox, we reported the history of a FTD patient who exhibited the emergence of visual artistic productions during the course of the disease. The patient produced a large amount of drawings, which have been evaluated by a group of professional artists who were blind to the diagnosis. We also reviewed the published clinical cases reporting a change in the artistic abilities in patients with neurological diseases. We attempted to reconcile these clinical observations to previous experimental findings by addressing several questions raised by our review. For instance, to what extent can the cognitive, conative, and affective changes following frontal damage explain changes in artistic abilities? Does artistic exacerbation truly reflect increased creative capacities? These considerations could help to clarify the place of creativity—as it has been defined and explored by cognitive neuroscience—in artistic creation and may provide leads for future lesion studies.
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