Probing the mechanisms underlying numerosity-to-numeral mappings and their relation to math competence
Probing the mechanisms underlying numerosity-to-numeral mappings and their relation to math competence
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探究数字到数字映射的机制及其与数学能力的关系
DOI：
10.1007/s00426-020-01299-z
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Price, Gavin R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yeo, Darren J.;Price, Gavin R.
数字估计性能(例如，数字-数字映射的准确性、一致性或比例间隔(线性))以前一直与数学能力相关。然而，这种关系背后的具体机制尚不清楚。一种可能的机制是数字集合和符号数字(例如，阿拉伯数字)之间的映射过程。本研究考察了数字-数字映射的两种假想机制(基于项目的“联想”映射和整体“结构”映射)及其在估计和数学关系中的作用。具体地说，对于小数(例如，1-10)的映射被认为是关联的，并且抵抗校准(例如，关于估计的准确性的反馈)，而对于较大的数字(例如，超过10)，可以通过在校准时灵活地将数字“响应网格”(类似于尺子)与模拟的“心理数字线”对齐来支持对于较大数字的整体“结构”映射。在57名成年人中，我们使用校准前和校准后的估计来测量小数之间的连续联想映射的范围(例如，基本的联想映射范围从1到10)，并获得数学能力的测量和延迟的多项选择策略报告。与前人的研究一致，未校准的估计成绩与计算能力、控制阅读流畅性和工作记忆相关。然而，联想映射的基础范围较高与评估成绩或任何数学能力衡量标准无关。关键的是，校准效应的不连续性在个人层面上是典型的，这使人对“整体结构图”的性质提出了质疑。整合以前和现在的研究结果的一个简明的解释是，通过在试验到试验的过程中使用多种策略动态构建数字-数字映射，估计性能可能会得到优化。
Numerosity estimation performance (e.g., how accurate, consistent, or proportionally spaced (linear) numerosity-numeral mappings are) has previously been associated with math competence. However, the specific mechanisms that underlie such a relation is unknown. One possible mechanism is the mapping process between numerical sets and symbolic numbers (e.g., Arabic numerals). The current study examined two hypothesized mechanisms of numerosity-numeral mappings (item-based “associative” and holistic “structural” mapping) and their roles in the estimation-and-math relation. Specifically, mappings for small numbers (e.g., 1–10) are thought to be associative and resistant to calibration (e.g., feedback on accuracy of estimates), whereas holistic “structural” mapping for larger numbers (e.g., beyond 10) may be supported by flexibly aligning a numeral “response grid” (akin to a ruler) to an analog “mental number line” upon calibration. In 57 adults, we used pre- and post-calibration estimates to measure the range of continuous associative mappings among small numbers (e.g., a base range of associative mappings from 1 to 10), and obtained measures of math competence and delayed multiple-choice strategy reports. Consistent with previous research, uncalibrated estimation performance correlated with calculation competence, controlling for reading fluency and working memory. However, having a higher base range of associative mappings was not related to estimation performance or any math competence measures. Critically, discontinuity in calibration effects was typical at the individual level, which calls into question the nature of “holistic structural mapping”. A parsimonious explanation to integrate previous and current findings is that estimation performance is likely optimized by dynamically constructing numerosity-numeral mappings through the use of multiple strategies from trial to trial.
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