Synaptic defects in the spinal and neuromuscular circuitry in a mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy.

Synaptic defects in the spinal and neuromuscular circuitry in a mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0015457
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发表时间:
2010-11-11
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Ko CP
Ko CP
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ling KK;Lin MY;Zingg B;Feng Z;Ko CP

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脊髓性肌萎缩症(SMA)是儿童死亡的主要遗传原因,其特征是明显的肌肉无力。为了研究SMA运动障碍的潜在机制,我们检查了SMA模型小鼠(SMNΔ7)控制后肢行走行为的脊髓和神经肌肉回路。在神经肌肉回路中,我们发现SMNΔ7小鼠后肢肌肉中的几乎所有神经肌肉接头(NMJ)在疾病终末期仍然完全受神经支配,并且能够引起肌肉收缩,尽管量子含量适度减少。在脊髓回路中,我们观察到腰椎节段3-5的侧柱中脊髓运动神经元上的突触损失约28%,本体感觉神经元显著减少,这可能导致SMNΔ7运动神经元上的囊泡谷氨酸转运蛋白1(VGLUT 1)阳性突触减少50%。此外,激活的小胶质细胞与SMNΔ7运动神经元的关联增加。总之,我们的研究结果提出了一个新的概念,即突触缺陷发生在SMNΔ7小鼠的脊髓和神经肌肉回路的多个水平,本体感受脊髓突触可能是SMA治疗的潜在靶点。
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a major genetic cause of death in childhood characterized by marked muscle weakness. To investigate mechanisms underlying motor impairment in SMA, we examined the spinal and neuromuscular circuitry governing hindlimb ambulatory behavior in SMA model mice (SMNΔ7). In the neuromuscular circuitry, we found that nearly all neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) in hindlimb muscles of SMNΔ7 mice remained fully innervated at the disease end stage and were capable of eliciting muscle contraction, despite a modest reduction in quantal content. In the spinal circuitry, we observed a ∼28% loss of synapses onto spinal motoneurons in the lateral column of lumbar segments 3–5, and a significant reduction in proprioceptive sensory neurons, which may contribute to the 50% reduction in vesicular glutamate transporter 1(VGLUT1)-positive synapses onto SMNΔ7 motoneurons. In addition, there was an increase in the association of activated microglia with SMNΔ7 motoneurons. Together, our results present a novel concept that synaptic defects occur at multiple levels of the spinal and neuromuscular circuitry in SMNΔ7 mice, and that proprioceptive spinal synapses could be a potential target for SMA therapy.
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