The retinoid anticancer signal: mechanisms of target gene regulation.

The retinoid anticancer signal: mechanisms of target gene regulation.
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DOI:
10.1038/sj.bjc.6602700
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发表时间:
2005-08-08
影响因子:
8.8
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
医学1区
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--
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维甲酸可诱导多种类型癌细胞的生长停滞、分化和细胞死亡。决定维甲酸抗癌信号敏感性或抗药性的一个因素是癌细胞中维甲酸调节的靶基因的转录反应。我们利用基因芯片技术鉴定了两个维甲酸敏感的神经母细胞瘤细胞系所共有的31个维甲酸调控的靶基因,并试图确定这些靶基因与维甲酸抗癌信号的相关性。在一组维甲酸敏感或耐药的肺癌和乳腺癌细胞系中,13个靶基因中的6个(RARβ2、CYP26A1、CRBP1、RGS16、DUSP6、EGR1)的维甲酸反应性模式与表型维甲酸敏感性相关。维甲酸治疗神经母细胞瘤MYCN转基因小鼠,在体内改变了神经母细胞瘤组织中9个靶基因中的5个(RARβ2、CYP26A1、CRBP1、DUSP6、Plat)的表达。在维甲酸敏感的神经母细胞瘤、肺癌和乳腺癌细胞系中,直接抑制维甲酸诱导的RARβ2的表达仅阻断了8个维甲酸靶标基因(CYP26A1)中的一个。DNA去甲基化、组蛋白乙酰化和RARCYP2的外源性过表达部分恢复了维甲酸敏感的β-MB-231乳腺癌细胞的表达,但不能恢复SK-MES-1肺癌细胞的表达。DUSP6和RGS16的联合抑制需要通过细胞外信号调节激酶的磷酸化来阻断维甲酸诱导的神经母细胞瘤细胞的生长抑制。总而言之,对维甲酸抗癌信号的敏感性部分取决于维甲酸调节的关键靶基因的转录反应,如RARβ2、DUSP6和RGS16。
Retinoids induce growth arrest, differentiation, and cell death in many cancer cell types. One factor determining the sensitivity or resistance to the retinoid anticancer signal is the transcriptional response of retinoid-regulated target genes in cancer cells. We used cDNA microarray to identify 31 retinoid-regulated target genes shared by two retinoid-sensitive neuroblastoma cell lines, and then sought to determine the relevance of the target gene responses to the retinoid anticancer signal. The pattern of retinoid responsiveness for six of 13 target genes (RARβ2, CYP26A1, CRBP1, RGS16, DUSP6, EGR1) correlated with phenotypic retinoid sensitivity, across a panel of retinoid-sensitive or -resistant lung and breast cancer cell lines. Retinoid treatment of MYCN transgenic mice bearing neuroblastoma altered the expression of five of nine target genes examined (RARβ2, CYP26A1, CRBP1, DUSP6, PLAT) in neuroblastoma tumour tissue in vivo. In retinoid-sensitive neuroblastoma, lung and breast cancer cell lines, direct inhibition of retinoid-induced RARβ2 expression blocked induction of only one of eight retinoid target genes (CYP26A1). DNA demethylation, histone acetylation, and exogenous overexpression of RARβ2 partially restored retinoid-responsive CYP26A1 expression in RA-resistant MDA-MB-231 breast, but not SK-MES-1 lung, cancer cells. Combined, rather than individual, inhibition of DUSP6 and RGS16 was required to block retinoid-induced growth inhibition in neuroblastoma cells, through phosphorylation of extracellular-signal-regulated kinase. In conclusion, sensitivity to the retinoid anticancer signal is determined in part by the transcriptional response of key retinoid-regulated target genes, such as RARβ2, DUSP6, and RGS16.
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