Poliovirus Receptor: More than a simple viral receptor.
Poliovirus Receptor: More than a simple viral receptor.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.virusres.2017.09.001
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发表时间：
2017-10-15
期刊：
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Excoffon KJDA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bowers JR;Readler JM;Sharma P;Excoffon KJDA
人类脊髓灰质炎病毒受体（PVR）是一种在人类生物学中具有多种功能的细胞表面蛋白。PVR最初被确定为人类脊髓灰质炎病毒的受体，最近的发现使人们对其形态和功能有了更深入的了解。PVR基因的选择性剪接共产生4种选择性剪接同种异构体。其中两种异构体缺乏完整的跨膜结构域，被认为是可溶的，可以阻断病毒感染；其余两种跨膜异构体仅在其极端c端结构域不同，导致上皮细胞的不同定位和病毒感染的极性。除了作为人类脊髓灰质炎病毒受体的作用外，还发现了几种天然生物学功能。PVR是一种重要的细胞粘附蛋白，参与白细胞的跨内皮迁移。通过与CD226和TIGIT（在白细胞上发现的跨膜蛋白）的相互作用，PVR是细胞介导的免疫应答的关键调节因子。由于PVR在广泛的癌症中受到差异调节，因此它作为一种生物标志物具有很强的临床应用潜力。PVR也是新型癌症治疗的可能靶点。利用其对PVR的天然趋向性，目前正在测试一种基因修饰形式的脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗定位和摧毁某些肿瘤的能力。这些最近的研究强调了PVR在人类生物学中的重要性，并证明了它不仅仅是一种病毒受体蛋白。
The human poliovirus receptor (PVR) is a cell surface protein with a multitude of functions in human biology. PVR was initially identified as the receptor for the human poliovirus and recent discoveries have given a greater insight into both its morphology and its function. Alternative splicing of the PVR gene results in a total of 4 alternatively spliced isoforms. Two of these isoforms lack a complete transmembrane domain and are considered soluble and block viral infection; the remaining two transmembrane isoforms differ only at their extreme C-terminal domains resulting in differential localization in epithelia and polarity of viral infection. In addition to its role as a receptor for the human poliovirus, several native biological functions have also been uncovered. PVR is an important cell adhesion protein and is involved in the transendothelial migration of leukocytes. Through its interactions with CD226 and TIGIT, transmembrane proteins found on leukocytes, PVR is a key regulator of the cell-mediated immune response. As PVR is differentially regulated in a broad spectrum of cancers, it has a strong potential for clinical use as a biomarker. PVR is also a possible target for novel cancer therapies. Utilizing its natural tropism for PVR, a genetically modified form of the live attenuated poliovirus vaccine is currently being tested for its ability to locate and destroy certain tumors. These recent studies emphasize the importance of PVR in human biology and demonstrate its utility beyond being a viral receptor protein.
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DOI：
10.1084/jem.20081611
发表时间：
2008-12-22
期刊：
The Journal of experimental medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Iguchi-Manaka A;Kai H;Yamashita Y;Shibata K;Tahara-Hanaoka S;Honda S;Yasui T;Kikutani H;Shibuya K;Shibuya A
通讯作者：
Shibuya A
DOI：
10.1038/mt.2008.184
发表时间：
2008-11
期刊：
Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy
影响因子：
--
作者：
Dobrikova EY;Broadt T;Poiley-Nelson J;Yang X;Soman G;Giardina S;Harris R;Gromeier M
通讯作者：
Gromeier M
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Baury, B;Geraghty, RJ;Denis, MG
通讯作者：
Denis, MG
影响因子：
15.9
作者：
Billadeau, DD;Leibson, PJ
通讯作者：
Leibson, PJ
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.97.12.6803
发表时间：
2000-06-06
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Gromeier, M;Lachmann, S;Wimmer, E
通讯作者：
Wimmer, E