How latency, action modality and display modality influence the sense of agency: a virtual reality study
How latency, action modality and display modality influence the sense of agency: a virtual reality study
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延迟、动作模式和显示模式如何影响代理感：一项虚拟现实研究
作者：
Paul Winkler;Philipp Stiens;Nadine Rauh;T. Franke;J. Krems
本研究的目的是探讨延迟（即技术系统响应时间）、行动方式（按下按钮、语音命令）和显示方式（头戴式显示器、监视器）对代理感（SOA）的影响。SOA是一种控制自己的行为及其在环境中的相应效果的体验。N = 31（48%为女性，平均年龄24岁）的参与者必须在虚拟环境中（通过显示器或头戴式显示器显示）通过语音命令或按下按钮来打开物体，与三种不同的物体（灯、平板电脑和电脑）反复互动。对象在特定的技术系统响应延迟（150、450和750毫秒）后做出反应。结果表明，除了监控条件下的显式SOA外，使用语音命令的动作比按按钮的动作更弱。更高的延迟会减少显式SOA，但不会减少隐式SOA。显示方式对显式和隐式SOA都没有显著影响。研究结果在一定程度上支持了基础框架的不同代理线索的加权过程，我们建议通过存在感来扩展该模型。用户的反应似乎是，如果他们通过语音命令进行交互，他们就无法正确控制技术系统。因此，人机界面设计人员可以通过提供额外的反馈线索来增加与语音界面交互的SOA，从而考虑到我们关于操作模式的发现。
The objective of this study was to investigate the influences of latency (i.e., technical system response time), action modality (button press, voice command) and display modality (head-mounted display, monitor) on the sense of agency (SOA). SOA is the experience of controlling one’s own actions and their corresponding effects in the environment. The N = 31 (48% female, with a mean age of 24) participants had to interact repeatedly with three different objects (lamp, tablet and computer) in a virtual environment (presented on a monitor or via a head-mounted display) by using a voice command or pressing a button to turn the objects on. The objects reacted after a specific technical system response delay (150, 450 and 750 ms). Results showed that the SOA was weaker for actions employing voice commands opposed to button presses, except for the explicit SOA in the monitor condition. Higher latencies diminished the explicit, but not the implicit SOA. Neither the explicit nor the implicit SOA was significantly affected by the display modality. The findings in part support the weighting process of different agency cues of the underlying framework, and we propose to extend this model by a sense of presence. Users seem to react as if they have the impression that they are not able to control the technical system properly if they interact through a voice command. Therefore, human–computer interface designers could take account of our findings regarding the modality of an action by providing additional feedback cues to increase the SOA for interactions with voice interfaces.
DOI：
10.1037/0096-1523.33.6.1261
发表时间：
2007-12-01
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Engbert, Kai;Wohlschlaeger, Andreas;Haggard, Patrick
通讯作者：
Haggard, Patrick