Specialized brain regions and sensory inputs that control locomotion in leeches.
Specialized brain regions and sensory inputs that control locomotion in leeches.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00359-011-0691-0
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发表时间：
2012-02
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Friesen, W. Otto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mullins, Olivia J.;Brodfuehrer, Peter D.;Jusufovic, Sasa;Hackett, John T.;Friesen, W. Otto
运动系统通常由专门的头部神经元控制，并受到感觉输入的调节。在许多物种中，专门的大脑区域启动和维持行为并设定运动发作的持续时间和频率。在水蛭中，去除整个头脑可以增强游泳能力，但其各个组成部分（食管上神经节和食管下神经节）在控制运动中的各自作用尚不清楚。在这里，我们描述了这两种结构和尾脑对孤立的神经索制剂和悬浮在水性“游泳增强”环境中的几乎完整的水蛭的节律性游泳的影响。我们发现，在孤立的准备中，当食管上神经节被去除时，游泳发作持续时间和游泳爆发频率大大增加，但食管下神经节完好无损。通过去除尾部神经节，消除了去除最前神经节时观察到的延长游泳时间。对几乎完整的水蛭进行的实验表明，在这些制剂中，食管下神经节起到缩短循环周期的作用，但出乎意料的是，也缩短了游泳持续时间。这些结果表明，食管上神经节是限制水蛭游动的主要结构；然而，水蛭游泳持续时间的控制是复杂的，尤其是在完整的动物中。
Locomotor systems are often controlled by specialized cephalic neurons and undergo modulation by sensory inputs. In many species, dedicated brain regions initiate and maintain behavior and set the duration and frequency of the locomotor episode. In the leech, removing the entire head brain enhances swimming, but the individual roles of its components, the supra- and subesophageal ganglia, in the control of locomotion are unknown. Here we describe the influence of these two structures and that of the tail brain on rhythmic swimming in isolated nerve cord preparations and in nearly-intact leeches suspended in an aqueous, “swim-enhancing” environment. We found that, in isolated preparations, swim episode duration and swim burst frequency are greatly increased when the supraesophageal ganglion is removed, but the subesophageal ganglion is intact. The prolonged swim durations observed with the anterior-most ganglion removed were abolished by removal of the tail ganglion. Experiments on the nearly intact leeches show that, in these preparations, the subesophageal ganglion acts to decrease cycle period but, unexpectedly, also decreases swim duration. These results suggest that the supraesophageal ganglion is the primary structure that constrains leech swimming; however, the control of swim duration in the leech is complex, especially in the intact animal.
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影响因子：
2.2
作者：
FACCIPONTE, G;LANGE, AB
通讯作者：
LANGE, AB
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.1983.0065
发表时间：
1983-01-01
期刊：
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY SERIES B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
影响因子：
--
作者：
KIEN, J
通讯作者：
KIEN, J
DOI：
10.1007/s003590000140
发表时间：
2000-09-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY A-SENSORY NEURAL AND BEHAVIORAL PHYSIOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hocker, CG;Yu, XT;Friesen, WO
通讯作者：
Friesen, WO
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Hedwig, B
通讯作者：
Hedwig, B
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
GRAHAM, D
通讯作者：
GRAHAM, D