Challenges and the Evolving Landscape of Assessing Blood-Based PD-L1 Expression as a Biomarker for Anti-PD-(L)1 Immunotherapy.

Challenges and the Evolving Landscape of Assessing Blood-Based PD-L1 Expression as a Biomarker for Anti-PD-(L)1 Immunotherapy.
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DOI:
10.3390/biomedicines10051181
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发表时间:
2022-05-20
期刊:
影响因子:
4.7
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
工程技术3区
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--
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尽管前景广阔,但通过免疫组织化学评估的肿瘤组织上的 PD-L1 表达已被证明是一种不完美的生物标志物,仅适用于有限数量的癌症,而许多 PD-L1 阴性肿瘤患者仍然对抗 PD-(L)1 免疫疗法有反应。最近使用患者血液样本评估免疫治疗反应性的研究表明,这是一种鉴定新型和/或改进的抗 PD-(L)1 免疫疗法生物标志物的有前途的方法。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了我们对 PD-L1 表达的调控和功能的不断理解的进展,这是开发基于血液的 PD-L1 作为抗 PD-(L)1 免疫疗法的生物标志物的基础。我们进一步讨论了利用肿瘤和免疫细胞上的 PD-L1 表达、外泌体以及外周血中可溶形式的 PD-L1 来识别生物标志物的现有知识和临床研究结果。最后,我们讨论了成功开发基于血液的 PD-L1 作为抗 PD-(L)1 免疫疗法生物标志物的潜在用途的关键挑战。
While promising, PD-L1 expression on tumor tissues as assessed by immunohistochemistry has been shown to be an imperfect biomarker that only applies to a limited number of cancers, whereas many patients with PD-L1-negative tumors still respond to anti-PD-(L)1 immunotherapy. Recent studies using patient blood samples to assess immunotherapeutic responsiveness suggests a promising approach to the identification of novel and/or improved biomarkers for anti-PD-(L)1 immunotherapy. In this review, we discuss the advances in our evolving understanding of the regulation and function of PD-L1 expression, which is the foundation for developing blood-based PD-L1 as a biomarker for anti-PD-(L)1 immunotherapy. We further discuss current knowledge and clinical study results for biomarker identification using PD-L1 expression on tumor and immune cells, exosomes, and soluble forms of PD-L1 in the peripheral blood. Finally, we discuss key challenges for the successful development of the potential use of blood-based PD-L1 as a biomarker for anti-PD-(L)1 immunotherapy.
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