Characterizing the expression of the human olfactory receptor gene family using a novel DNA microarray.
Characterizing the expression of the human olfactory receptor gene family using a novel DNA microarray.
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DOI：
10.1186/gb-2007-8-5-r86
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
12.3
通讯作者：
Gilad Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang X;De la Cruz O;Pinto JM;Nicolae D;Firestein S;Gilad Y
使用微阵列，在嗅觉上皮细胞中检测到 76% 的预测人类嗅觉受体基因的表达，并且许多在非嗅觉组织中表达。嗅觉受体 (OR) 基因是在十多年前被发现的，当时 Buck 和 Axel 观察到，在大鼠中，某些 G 蛋白偶联受体仅在嗅觉上皮细胞中表达。随后，蛋白质序列相似性被用来鉴定许多哺乳动物物种的完整 OR 基因库，但只有在小鼠中，这些预测才能在嗅觉上皮细胞中进行表达研究。为了纠正这个问题，我们开发了一种 DNA 微阵列，其中包含大多数预测的人类 OR 基因座的探针，并使用该阵列检查三个个体的嗅上皮组织中的 OR 基因表达谱。我们在这些嗅觉上皮细胞中检测到 437 个 (76%) 人类 OR 基因的表达。有趣的是，我们检测到 OR 假基因的广泛表达，这一观察结果可能有助于揭示嗅觉感觉神经元中 OR 基因选择的机制。为了解决 OR 基因可能执行额外功能的假设，我们还表征了 OR 基因在许多非嗅觉组织中的表达。虽然我们的结果证实了大多数预测的人类气味受体的功能注释，但我们发现大量假定的人类 OR 基因在非嗅觉组织中表达，有时完全如此。我们对异位表达的人类 OR 基因的进化分析并不能支持这些基因具有替代功能的假设。
Using a microarray, expression of 76% of predicted human olfactory receptor genes was detected in olfactory epithelia, and many were expressed in non-olfactory tissues. Olfactory receptor (OR) genes were discovered more than a decade ago, when Buck and Axel observed that, in rats, certain G-protein coupled receptors are expressed exclusively in the olfactory epithelium. Subsequently, protein sequence similarity was used to identify entire OR gene repertoires of a number of mammalian species, but only in mouse were these predictions followed up by expression studies in olfactory epithelium. To rectify this, we have developed a DNA microarray that contains probes for most predicted human OR loci and used that array to examine OR gene expression profiles in olfactory epithelium tissues from three individuals. We detected expression of 437 (76%) human OR genes in these olfactory epithelia. Interestingly, we detected widespread expression of OR pseudogenes, an observation that may shed light on the mechanism of OR gene choice in the olfactory sensory neurons. To address the hypothesis that OR genes may carry out additional functions, we also characterized the expression of OR genes in a number of non-olfactory tissues. While our results corroborate the functional annotation of the majority of predicted human odorant receptors, we find that a large number of putative human OR genes are expressed in non-olfactory tissues, sometimes exclusively so. Our evolutionary analysis of ectopically expressed human OR genes does not lend support to the hypothesis that these genes have alternative functions.
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影响因子：
12.3
作者：
Gentleman RC;Carey VJ;Bates DM;Bolstad B;Dettling M;Dudoit S;Ellis B;Gautier L;Ge Y;Gentry J;Hornik K;Hothorn T;Huber W;Iacus S;Irizarry R;Leisch F;Li C;Maechler M;Rossini AJ;Sawitzki G;Smith C;Smyth G;Tierney L;Yang JY;Zhang J
通讯作者：
Zhang J
影响因子：
8
作者：
Man, O;Gilad, Y;Lancet, D
通讯作者：
Lancet, D
影响因子：
7
作者：
Gilad, Y;Man, O;Glusman, G
通讯作者：
Glusman, G
影响因子：
14.9
作者：
Chenna, R;Sugawara, H;Thompson, JD
通讯作者：
Thompson, JD
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Irizarry, RA;Hobbs, B;Speed, TP
通讯作者：
Speed, TP