Synthetic microbial communities.

Synthetic microbial communities.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.mib.2014.02.002
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发表时间:
2014-04
影响因子:
5.4
通讯作者:
Soyer, Orkun S.
Soyer, Orkun S.
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Grosskopf, Tobias;Soyer, Orkun S.

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微生物相互作用和系统功能是研究群落的两种方法。天然微生物群落很难定义和研究。合成微生物群落是复杂性降低的可理解系统。合成群落保留了自然群落的主要特征,易于建模。合成微生物群落在生物技术中越来越重要。虽然天然微生物群落由具有通常未知功能的微生物的混合物组成,但合成微生物群落的构建允许以降低的复杂性生成定义的系统。在自上而下的方法中,合成群落作为模型系统来询问有关微生物群落的性能和稳定性的问题。在第二种自下而上的方法中,合成微生物群落被用来研究哪些条件是产生共生或竞争等相互作用模式所必需的,以及如何从这些模式中产生更高阶的群落结构。除了作为模型系统来理解作为复杂动力系统的微生物群落的结构、功能和进化的明显价值外,合成群落还可以为生物技术应用开辟新的途径。
Microbial interactions and system function are two ways to study communities. Natural microbial communities are difficult to define and to study. Synthetic microbial communities are comprehensible systems of reduced complexity. Synthetic communities keep key features of natural ones and are amenable to modelling. Synthetic microbial communities are gaining importance in biotechnology. While natural microbial communities are composed of a mix of microbes with often unknown functions, the construction of synthetic microbial communities allows for the generation of defined systems with reduced complexity. Used in a top-down approach, synthetic communities serve as model systems to ask questions about the performance and stability of microbial communities. In a second, bottom-up approach, synthetic microbial communities are used to study which conditions are necessary to generate interaction patterns like symbiosis or competition, and how higher order community structure can emerge from these. Besides their obvious value as model systems to understand the structure, function and evolution of microbial communities as complex dynamical systems, synthetic communities can also open up new avenues for biotechnological applications.
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