Reliable clinical serum analysis with reusable electrochemical sensor: Toward point-of-care measurement of the antipsychotic medication clozapine.
Reliable clinical serum analysis with reusable electrochemical sensor: Toward point-of-care measurement of the antipsychotic medication clozapine.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bios.2017.04.008
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发表时间：
2017-09-15
影响因子：
12.6
通讯作者：
Payne GF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kang M;Kim E;Winkler TE;Banis G;Liu Y;Kitchen CA;Kelly DL;Ghodssi R;Payne GF
氯氮平是治疗精神分裂症最有前景的药物之一，但由于难以将血清水平维持在安全的治疗范围内（1 - 3 μM），其应用不足。及时测量血清氯氮平水平已被确定为氯氮平更广泛使用的一个障碍，然而由于血清样本的复杂性，这具有挑战性。我们展示了一种坚固且可重复使用的、含石墨烯 - 壳聚糖复合材料的电化学传感器，用于快速测量血清氯氮平水平。我们对接受氯氮平治疗和未接受氯氮平治疗的精神分裂症患者临床血清进行的电化学测量，与中心实验室对易于检测的尿酸以及浓度低100倍的氯氮平的分析结果具有良好的相关性。我们的血清氯氮平电化学测量方法的优点在于：（i）无需血清预处理即可快速测量（约20分钟）；（ii）具有适当的选择性和灵敏度（检测限为0.7 μM）；（iii）电极可在数周内重复使用；（iv）可快速进行可靠性测试以检测常见的导致误差的问题。这种用于血清氯氮平测量的简单快速的电化学方法应为临床医生提供调整剂量和个性化治疗精神分裂症所需的及时的即时护理信息。
Clozapine is one of the most promising medications for managing schizophrenia but it is under-utilized because of the challenges of maintaining serum levels in a safe therapeutic range (1–3 μM). Timely measurement of serum clozapine levels has been identified as a barrier to the broader use of clozapine, which is however challenging due to the complexity of serum samples. We demonstrate a robust and reusable electrochemical sensor with graphene-chitosan composite for rapidly measuring serum levels of clozapine. Our electrochemical measurements in clinical serum from clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups are well correlated to centralized laboratory analysis for the readily detected uric acid and for the clozapine which is present at 100-fold lower concentration. The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring are: (i) rapid measurement (≈ 20 min) without serum pretreatment; (ii) appropriate selectivity and sensitivity (limit of detection 0.7 μM); (iii) reusability of an electrode over several weeks; and (iv) rapid reliability testing to detect common error-causing problems. This simple and rapid electrochemical approach for serum clozapine measurements should provide clinicians with the timely point-of-care information required to adjust dosages and personalize the management of schizophrenia.
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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