Border control: Anatomical origins of the thymus medulla.

Border control: Anatomical origins of the thymus medulla.
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DOI:
10.1002/eji.201545829
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发表时间:
2015-08
影响因子:
5.4
通讯作者:
Jenkinson, William E.
Jenkinson, William E.
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Anderson, Graham;Jenkinson, William E.

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胸腺是一个解剖上被分隔的初级淋巴器官,它促进自我耐受T细胞的产生。胸腺皮质提供了一个特殊的微环境,在这个环境中,皮质胸腺上皮细胞(CTECs)支持自身MHC限制性胸腺细胞的阳性选择和进一步分化。在迁移到髓质后,阳性选择的胸腺细胞被进一步筛选出自我反应,这包括负选择和Foxp3+调节性T细胞通过与髓质胸腺上皮细胞(MTECs)的相互作用而产生。鉴于皮质和髓质微环境对T细胞发育的重要性,研究cTECs和mTECs的发育起源对于理解形成发育中的T细胞受体谱系的过程以及减少引发自身免疫性疾病的自我反应性T细胞的频率都很重要。在本期《欧洲免疫学杂志》上,Onder等人。[欧元。J.免疫。2015年。45:2218-2231]在小鼠中发现了驻留在皮质髓质连接(CMJ)的podoplan in+mTECs的一个亚群,表明它们的发育对于建立自我耐受很重要,并且需要存在自我反应性T细胞。总而言之,他们的发现突出了CMJ作为mTEC谱系前体的潜在储存库,并提供了对胸腺髓质形成的更好理解。
The thymus is an anatomically compartmentalized primary lymphoid organ that fosters the production of self‐tolerant T cells. The thymic cortex provides a specialized microenvironment in which cortical thymic epithelial cells (cTECs) support the positive selection and further differentiation of self‐MHC‐restricted thymocytes. Following their migration into the medulla, positively selected thymocytes are further screened for self‐reactivity, which involves both negative selection and Foxp3+ regulatory T cell generation via interactions with medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs). Given the importance of both cortical and medullary microenvironments for T cell development, studies that address the developmental origins of cTECs and mTECs are important in understanding the processes that shape the developing T cell receptor repertoire, and reduce the frequency of self‐reactive T cells that initiate autoimmune disease. In this issue of the European Journal of Immunology, Onder et al. [Eur. J. Immunol. 2015. 45: 2218‐2231] identified a subset of podoplanin+ mTECs in mice that reside at the corticomedullary junction (CMJ), show that their development is important to establish self‐tolerance, and require the presence of self‐reactive T cells. Collectively, their findings highlight the CMJ as a potential repository for precursors of the mTEC lineage, and provide a better understanding of thymus medulla formation.
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