Ecosystem services and agriculture: tradeoffs and synergies.
Ecosystem services and agriculture: tradeoffs and synergies.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2010.0143
复制
发表时间：
2010-09-27
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Power AG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Power AG
农业生态系统为人类提供食物、饲料、生物能源和药品，对人类福祉至关重要。这些系统依赖于自然生态系统提供的生态系统服务，包括授粉、生物虫害控制、土壤结构和肥力的维持、养分循环和水文服务。初步评估表明，这些生态系统服务对农业的价值巨大，但往往未得到充分重视。农业生态系统还提供各种生态系统服务，如土壤和水质调节、碳固存、支持生物多样性和文化服务。根据不同的管理做法，农业也可能成为许多危害的来源，包括野生动物栖息地的丧失、营养流失、水道沉积、温室气体排放以及人类和非目标物种的农药中毒。在提供服务与其他生态系统服务和损害之间可能出现的权衡应在空间规模、时间规模和可逆性方面进行评估。随着更有效的生态系统服务估值方法的出现，“双赢”方案的潜力也在增加。在所有情景下，适当的农业管理做法对于实现生态系统服务的惠益和减少农业活动的损害至关重要。
Agricultural ecosystems provide humans with food, forage, bioenergy and pharmaceuticals and are essential to human wellbeing. These systems rely on ecosystem services provided by natural ecosystems, including pollination, biological pest control, maintenance of soil structure and fertility, nutrient cycling and hydrological services. Preliminary assessments indicate that the value of these ecosystem services to agriculture is enormous and often underappreciated. Agroecosystems also produce a variety of ecosystem services, such as regulation of soil and water quality, carbon sequestration, support for biodiversity and cultural services. Depending on management practices, agriculture can also be the source of numerous disservices, including loss of wildlife habitat, nutrient runoff, sedimentation of waterways, greenhouse gas emissions, and pesticide poisoning of humans and non-target species. The tradeoffs that may occur between provisioning services and other ecosystem services and disservices should be evaluated in terms of spatial scale, temporal scale and reversibility. As more effective methods for valuing ecosystem services become available, the potential for ‘win–win’ scenarios increases. Under all scenarios, appropriate agricultural management practices are critical to realizing the benefits of ecosystem services and reducing disservices from agricultural activities.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Bouwman, A. F.;Beusen, A. H. W.;Billen, G.
通讯作者：
Billen, G.
影响因子：
5
作者：
Gardiner, M. M.;Landis, D. A.;Heimpel, G. E.
通讯作者：
Heimpel, G. E.
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Costanza, R;dArge, R;vandenBelt, M
通讯作者：
vandenBelt, M
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Badgley, Catherine;Moghtader, Jeremy;Perfecto, Ivette
通讯作者：
Perfecto, Ivette
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Fargione, Joseph;Hill, Jason;Hawthorne, Peter
通讯作者：
Hawthorne, Peter