Protonation, tautomerization, and rotameric structure of histidine: a comprehensive study by magic-angle-spinning solid-state NMR.

Protonation, tautomerization, and rotameric structure of histidine: a comprehensive study by magic-angle-spinning solid-state NMR.
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DOI:
10.1021/ja108943n
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发表时间:
2011-02-09
影响因子:
15
通讯作者:
Hong M
Hong M
中科院分区:
化学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Li S;Hong M

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组氨酸的结构和化学是许多酶活性位点、离子通道和金属蛋白的核心。虽然固态核磁共振光谱已用于研究组氨酸的化学位移,但尚未报道完整的15N、13C和1H化学位移的pH依赖性以及这些化学位移对互变异构结构的敏感性。在这里,我们使用魔角旋转固体核磁共振光谱来确定组氨酸从pH 4.5到11的15N, 13C和1H化学位移。二维同核和异核相关谱表明,这些化学位移敏感地依赖于质子化状态和互变异构体结构。在最碱性的pH条件下,首次观察到罕见π互变异构体的化学位移。检测了咪唑氮与组氨酸主链或水之间的分子内和分子间氢键,并测量了n -氢键的长度来表示氢键的强度。我们还证明了通过主侧链13C-15N距离精确测量组氨酸侧链扭转角χ1和χ2;得到的扭转角在晶体结构值的4°范围内。这些结果为广泛pH范围内组氨酸的核磁共振参数提供了一套全面的基准值,并有助于研究蛋白质中功能重要的组氨酸。
Histidine structure and chemistry lie at the heart of many enzyme active sites, ion channels, and metalloproteins. While solid-state NMR spectroscopy has been used to study histidine chemical shifts, the full pH dependence of the complete panel of 15N, 13C, and 1H chemical shifts and the sensitivity of these chemical shifts to tautomeric structure have not been reported. Here we use magic-angle-spinning solid-state NMR spectroscopy to determine the 15N, 13C, and 1H chemical shifts of histidine from pH 4.5 to 11. Two-dimensional homonuclear and heteronuclear correlation spectra indicate that these chemical shifts depend sensitively on the protonation state and tautomeric structure. The chemical shifts of the rare π tautomer were observed for the first time, at the most basic pH used. Intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonding between the imidazole nitrogens and the histidine backbone or water was detected, and N–H bond length measurements indicated the strength of the hydrogen bond. We also demonstrate the accurate measurement of the histidine side-chain torsion angles χ1 and χ2 through backbone–side chain 13C–15N distances; the resulting torsion angles were within 4° of the crystal structure values. These results provide a comprehensive set of benchmark values for NMR parameters of histidine over a wide pH range and should facilitate the study of functionally important histidines in proteins.
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期刊: Science (New York, N.Y.)
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