Competition between mitochondrial haplotypes in distinct nuclear genetic environments: Drosophila pseudoobscura vs. D. persimilis.
Competition between mitochondrial haplotypes in distinct nuclear genetic environments: Drosophila pseudoobscura vs. D. persimilis.
复制标题
不同核遗传环境中线粒体单倍型之间的竞争：假暗果蝇与 D. persimilis。
作者：
C. Hutter;D. Rand
利用果蝇（Drosophila pseudobscura）和果蝇（D. Persimilis。通过将一个物种的雄性果蝇与携带另一物种线粒体DNA（mtDNA）的雌性果蝇重复回交，构建了两个细胞核基因型"中断"的果蝇品系。每个"破坏"的菌株在种群笼中与每个物种的原始原种竞争，在回交过程中从原始原种中获得轮回雄性。因此，这两个物种的线粒体类型在每个物种的核遗传环境中相互竞争。采用PCR-four-cutter方法，在离散世代群体笼中追踪mtDNA单倍型的轨迹。D. pseudobscura mtDNA在四个重复笼中的每一个中观察到D.假暗核背景。在地方persimilis核背景，一个笼子实际上显示D. pseudobscura mtDNA，虽然四个重复笼在一起显示频率变化不大。在频率扰动和重新启动每个笼后重复这些结果。适合度分量的分析表明，在这些细胞核竞争实验中，生育力选择大大超过生存力选择。两个遗传背景上的mtDNA单倍型的适合度的不对称性与先前报道的这两个物种之间回交的雌性育性的不对称性的方向是一致的。虽然我们的实验不允许我们确定mtDNA作为适合度变异的唯一来源，但至少数据表明核育性因子与D. pseudobscura线粒体DNA在其自身的遗传背景。
A test for coadaptation of nuclear and mitochondrial genomes was performed using the sibling species, Drosophila pseudoobscura and D. persimilis. Two lines of flies with "disrupted" cytonuclear genotypes were constructed by repeated backcrossing of males from one species to females carrying mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from the other species. Each "disrupted" strain was competed in population cages with the original stock of each species from which the recurrent males were obtained during the backcrossing. As such, the two species' mitochondrial types were competed reciprocally in the nuclear genetic environments of each species. The trajectories of mtDNA haplotypes were followed in discrete-generation population cages using a PCR-four-cutter approach. A significant increase in the frequency of D. pseudoobscura mtDNA was observed in each of four replicate cages with a D. pseudoobscura nuclear background. In the D. persimilis nuclear background, one cage actually showed an increase in frequency of D. pseudoobscura mtDNA, although together the four replicate cages show little change in frequency. These results were repeated after frequency perturbations and reinitiation of each cage. An analysis of fitness components revealed that fertility selection greatly outweighed viability selection in these cytonuclear competition experiments. The asymmetry of the fitnesses of the mtDNA haplotypes on the two genetic backgrounds is consistent in direction with the previously reported asymmetry of female fertility in backcrosses between these two species. While our experiments do not allow us to identify mtDNA as the sole source of fitness variation, at a minimum the data indicate a fitness association between nuclear fertility factors and the D. pseudoobscura mtDNA on its own genetic background.
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