A survey of the impact of summer droughts in southern and eastern England, 1200–1700
A survey of the impact of summer droughts in southern and eastern England, 1200–1700
复制标题
1200-1700 年英格兰南部和东部夏季干旱影响的调查
DOI：
10.5194/cp-16-1027-2020
复制
发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Kathleen Pribyl
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kathleen Pribyl
抽象的。干旱是一种气候灾害，
过去的社会本文利用文献资料，
工业化前春夏干旱的发生和影响
1200年至1700年的英国记录的类型、源可用性
随着时间的推移，记录保存的变化被描述，
本报告概述了这500年来的干旱情况。重点在于
对干旱影响进行结构性调查，
人类生计。这包括农业和畜牧业
农业生产、卫生、住区的火灾风险以及水位下降或供水减少等部门面临的问题。由于
中世纪和中世纪小麦种植的具体特点
现代早期的英国，粮食产量相对
抵御干旱，而畜牧业受到威胁，
降雨量明显低于平均水平。尽管如此，
在温暖干燥的夏天，一个重要的问题是健康风险。
部分急剧上升的死亡率水平与这些有关
在研究期间的条件，因为疟疾，
胃肠道疾病和鼠疫表现出对热的亲和力，
干旱减轻夏季压力的适应战略
干旱也包括在研究中。
Abstract. Droughts pose a climatic hazard that had profound impacts on
past societies. Using documentary sources, this paper studies the
occurrence and impacts of spring–summer droughts in pre-industrial
England from 1200 to 1700. The types of records, source availability
and changes in record keeping over time are described, and an
overview of droughts in those 500 years is provided. The focus lies
on a structural survey over the drought impacts most relevant to
human livelihood. This includes the agricultural and pastoral
sectors of agrarian production, health, the fire risk to settlements, and the drop in water levels or dwindling of water supplies. Due to
the specific characteristics of wheat cultivation in medieval and
early modern England, the grain production was comparatively
resilient to drought, whereas livestock farming was under threat
when rainfall fell noticeably below average. Nonetheless, the most
important problem in warm and dry summers was the risk to health.
Partly steeply raised mortality levels were associated with these
conditions during the study period because malaria,
gastrointestinal disease and plague showed an affinity to heat and
drought. Adaptation strategies to reduce the stress posed by summer
droughts are included in the study.
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Cooper, Richard J.;Melvin, Thomas M.;Briffa, Keith R.
通讯作者：
Briffa, Keith R.